Group 0 elements

• What are Group 0 elements known as?

  Noble gases
• What is a characteristic of noble gases?

  They are colorless gases
• Which elements are included in Group 0?

  Helium, neon, argon
• How many electrons do noble gases have in their outer energy level?

  Eight electrons
• Why do noble gases not react much with other elements?

  They have a full outer electron shell
• What is the boiling point trend in noble gases?

  Boiling points increase down the group
• What happens to the boiling points of noble gases as atomic mass increases?

  They increase due to stronger intermolecular forces
• What is the boiling point of helium?

  -269°C
• What is the boiling point of neon?

  -246°C
• What is the boiling point of argon?

  -186°C
• What is the boiling point of krypton?

  -157°C
• What is the boiling point of xenon?

  -108°C
• What is the boiling point of radon?

  -62°C
• Why are noble gases considered non-flammable?

  They do not react with oxygen
• How does the stability of noble gases relate to their chemical properties?

  Stable electron configuration leads to low reactivity
• What are the properties of noble gases?

  • Colorless and odorless
  • Non-flammable
  • Full outer electron shell
  • Low reactivity
  • Increasing boiling points down the group
• What are the trends in boiling points of noble gases?

  • Boiling points increase down the group
  • Due to increasing atomic mass
  • Resulting in stronger intermolecular forces
• List the noble gases in order of increasing atomic number.

  1. Helium
  2. Neon
  3. Argon
  4. Krypton
  5. Xenon
  6. Radon
• What is the significance of the full outer electron shell in noble gases?

  • Provides stability
  • Results in low reactivity
  • Makes them non-flammable
• What must be overcome between molecules?

  Intermolecular forces
• Why do intermolecular forces need to be overcome?

  To change the state of matter
• Where can more information on intermolecular forces be found?

  Page 32
• What might you be asked to estimate in an exam regarding gases?

  The boiling point of one noble gas
• What should you know about the pattern of noble gases?

  It helps predict their boiling points
• What is the boiling point of neon at 25°C?

  Predict the state of helium
• What is the boiling point of helium compared to neon?

  Helium has a lower boiling point
• What are the boiling points of radon and krypton?

  -62°C and -153°C
• How can you predict the boiling point of xenon?

  It is halfway between radon and krypton
• What is the calculation to find the boiling point of xenon?

  $(-153) +$$(-62) =$$-215$
• What is the final step to find xenon's boiling point?

  $-215 \div 2 =$$-107.5$
• What should the boiling point of xenon be approximately?

  About -108°C
• What is the actual boiling point of xenon?

  -108°C, as predicted
• What is argon known for in terms of reactivity?

  Very unreactive
• Why are noble gases like argon considered unreactive?

  Due to their electronic structure
• What are the characteristics of noble gases in terms of reactivity?

  • Noble gases are very unreactive
  • They have complete valence electron shells
  • They do not readily form compounds
• What should you understand about noble gases and their boiling points?

  They trend based on their atomic structure
• What is the topic of the study material?

  Atomic structure and the periodic table