Group 7 elements

• What are the Group 7 elements known as?

  Halogens
• What is the trend in reactivity for halogens?

  They become less reactive down the group
• What type of elements are halogens?

  Non-metals
• What is the physical state of fluorine at room temperature?

  Yellow gas
• What is the physical state of chlorine at room temperature?

  Green gas
• What is the physical state of bromine at room temperature?

  Red-brown liquid
• What is the physical state of iodine at room temperature?

  Dark gray solid or purple vapor
• How do halogens exist in nature?

  As molecules made of pairs of atoms
• What are the trends in Group 7 elements?

  • Less reactive down the group
  • Higher melting and boiling points down the group
  • Higher relative atomic masses down the group
• Why do halogens have similar chemical properties?

  They all have seven electrons in their outer shell
• What type of bonds do halogens form with metals?

  Ionic bonds
• What are the ions formed by halogens called?

  Halides
• What type of structure do compounds formed by halogens have?

  Simple molecular structures
• What happens to the reactivity of halogens as you go down the group?

  It decreases
• What is the trend in melting and boiling points of halogens?

  They increase down the group
• What is the trend in relative atomic masses of halogens?

  They increase down the group
• What type of bonds do halogens form with other non-metals?

  Covalent bonds
• What is the significance of covalent bonding in halogens?

  It allows them to share electrons
• What is the bonding in sodium chloride?

  Ionic bonding
• What is the bonding in sodium chloride represented by?

  Diagrams showing ionic bonding
• What happens to the reactivity of halogens as they form ionic bonds?

  They become more stable
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with metals?

  More reactive halogens displace less reactive ones
• What is the result of halogens reacting with metals?

  Formation of ionic compounds
• What is the significance of the covalent bonds in halogen compounds?

  They determine the properties of the compounds
• What is the trend in the boiling points of halogen compounds?

  They increase with molecular size
• What is the trend in the melting points of halogen compounds?

  They increase with molecular size
• What is the trend in the density of halogen compounds?

  They increase with molecular size
• What is the trend in the solubility of halogen compounds?

  They vary depending on the solvent
• What is the trend in the acidity of halogen compounds?

  They increase with molecular size
• What is the trend in the basicity of halogen compounds?

  They decrease with molecular size
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with non-metals?

  They can form covalent bonds
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with metals?

  They can form ionic bonds
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with other halogens?

  More reactive halogens can displace less reactive ones
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with alkali metals?

  They can form ionic compounds
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with alkaline earth metals?

  They can form ionic compounds
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with transition metals?

  They can form complex ions
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with lanthanides?

  They can form complex ions
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with actinides?

  They can form complex ions
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with metalloids?

  They can form covalent bonds
• What is the trend in the reactivity of halogens with noble gases?

  They do not react