Group 1 elements

• What are Group 1 elements known as?

  Alkali metals
• How do alkali metals behave?

  They are pretty reactive
• Name three alkali metals.

  Lithium, sodium, potassium
• What characteristic do all Group 1 elements share?

  They have one electron in their outer shell
• What is a property of alkali metals regarding density?

  They have low densities
• What trend occurs in reactivity as you go down Group 1?

  Reactivity increases down the group
• What are the trends for alkali metals as you go down Group 1?

  • Increasing reactivity
  • Lower melting and boiling points
  • Higher relative atomic mass
• What happens when Group 1 metals react with water?

  They produce hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides
• What is the reaction of sodium with water?

  2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
• What color are the solutions formed by alkali metals in water?

  They are generally colorless
• What do alkali metals form when they react with chlorine?

  Metal chlorides
• How does the reactivity of potassium compare to sodium?

  Potassium is more reactive than sodium
• What happens to the energy given off during reactions as you go down Group 1?

  It increases down the group
• What is produced when Group 1 metals react with acids?

  Hydrogen gas and metal salts
• What is the general appearance of alkali metals?

  They are shiny and silvery
• What is the reaction of lithium with water?

  Li + H₂O → LiOH + H₂
• What happens to the outer electron in alkali metals during reactions?

  It is easily lost
• How does heating affect the reactivity of Group 1 metals?

  Heating increases their reactivity
• What is the result of the reaction of Group 1 metals with oxygen?

  They form metal oxides
• What is the general trend in the melting points of alkali metals?

  They decrease down the group
• What happens to the atomic size of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  It increases down the group
• What is the reaction of cesium with water?

  Cs + H₂O → CsOH + H₂
• What is the result of the reaction of Group 1 metals with acids?

  They produce hydrogen gas and salts
• What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals with water as you go down the group?

  It increases
• What is the general trend in the boiling points of alkali metals?

  They decrease down the group
• What is produced when lithium reacts with water?

  Lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
• What is the reaction of rubidium with water?

  Rb + H₂O → RbOH + H₂
• What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals with chlorine as you go down the group?

  It increases
• What is the general trend in the atomic mass of alkali metals?

  It increases down the group
• What is the reaction of francium with water?

  Fr + H₂O → FrOH + H₂
• What happens to the density of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  It generally increases
• What is the reaction of cesium with chlorine?

  Cs + Cl₂ → CsCl
• What happens to the melting points of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  They decrease
• What is the reaction of sodium with chlorine?

  Na + Cl₂ → NaCl
• What happens to the boiling points of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  They decrease
• What is the reaction of potassium with chlorine?

  K + Cl₂ → KCl
• What happens to the solubility of alkali metal compounds in water?

  They are generally soluble
• What is the reaction of rubidium with chlorine?

  Rb + Cl₂ → RbCl
• What happens to the reactivity of alkali metals with acids as you go down the group?

  It increases
• What is the reaction of francium with chlorine?

  Fr + Cl₂ → FrCl