RING Topology

• Ring Topology


  A closed-loop network where all devices, such as computers and printers, are connected in a circular (ring) structure
• How ring topology work?

  In a ring topology network, data moves sequentially from one node to the next in a unidirectional manner. This topology commonly uses a token-passing control mechanism to ensure orderly data transmission and prevent collisions. In this mechanism, only the node holding the token has the right to transmit data. 
• Ring Topology

  • Each device is connected to two other devices, one on either side, forming a single continuous pathway for data transmission
  • Data moves sequentially from one node to the next in a unidirectional manner
  • Uses a token-passing control mechanism to ensure orderly data transmission and prevent collisions
• Data Transmission in Ring Topology

  1. Each packet contains a destination address and the data

  2. Each node checks the destination address as the packet circulates the ring

  3. If the address matches the node's address, the node processes the packet

  4. Otherwise, it passes the packet to the next node in the sequence
• Applications of Ring Topology

  • Used in both LANs and WANs for flexible data transmission
  • Telecommunications rely on it for SONET fiber networks
  • Organizations adopt it as a backup to safeguard their main networks
  • Utilizes bidirectional routing to maintain connectivity if a node fails
  • Educational institutions favour it for its cost-effectiveness and reliability
• Advantages of Ring Topology

  • Easy to manage due to its orderly structure
  • Cost-effective to install and expand
  • Features minimum collision, enhancing data flow efficiency
  • Speed for data transfer is notably high in this setup
  • Allows for adding extra workstations seamlessly without affecting network performance
  • Operates without a central server, simplifying node connectivity
  • Guarantees equal access to resources for all devices
  • Organized methodically, every device gets a turn to transmit by accessing the token
  • The unidirectional flow of data minimizes the risk of packet collisions
  • Token passing improves performance under heavy traffic, outperforming bus topology
• Disadvantages of Ring Topology

  • Troubleshooting the ring network is challenging
  • The entire network depends on a single cable's integrity
  • Adding or removing nodes can disrupt network activity and is complex
  • Performance lags behind bus topology in terms of speed
  • If one node or workstation fails, the entire network is affected
  • Scalability is limited; the network struggles to expand efficiently
  • For communication across all computers, each must be operational
  • Due to the unidirectional ring, a token must pass through every node, impacting speed and efficiency
  • The network's reliance on every node's functionality makes it less robust
  • Costs are higher compared to simpler topologies like bus