MIDTERMS

• What are the vital signs

  • Temperature
  • Pulse rate
  • Respiration rate
  • Blood pressure
• The range of their values is so constant that any marked deviation from normal is considered as a symptom of disease.
• an important part of health assessment which provides valuable health information therefore, its determination requires precision and accuracy.

  Taking the vital signs
• The balance between the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body

  Body Temperature
• The most accessible site for measuring the client’s temperature is the oral cavity

  Oral
• What are the sites in taking body temperature?

  • Oral
  • Rectal
  • Axilla
  • Aural
• The site considered to provide the most accurate temperature measure.

  Rectal
• Generally considered the least desirable site for determining body temperature.

  Axilla
• Has been added as an alternative site where temperature can be measured accurately

  Aural
• The tympanic membrane receives its blood supply from the vasculature that supplies the hypothalamus, thus the aural temperature reading reflect core body temperature.
• Has shorter, far or rounded bulb

  Rectal
• Why the rectal glass thermometer tip is blunt

  to decrease the risk of trauma to the rectal mucosa.
• Two types of mercury glass in thermometer

  • Rectal
  • Oral
• It is ideally suited for use in children because the sheath is unbreakable & the time necessary for accurate measurement is relatively short.

  Electronic Thermometer
• It senses body heat in the form of infrared energy given off by the body part

  Infrared Thermometer
• It records temperature through a sensor or probe that is placed in the ear canal to detect infrared radiation from the eardrum

  Tympanic Membrane Temperature
• It comes in individual cases and is discarded after use.

  Chemical Disposable Thermometer
• It is usually applied on the forehead or abdomen and its tape responds to heat by changing color

  Temperature Sensitive Strips
• Contains the liquid mercury which expands when heated & rises in the stem

  Bulb
• Calibrated in degrees Centigrade of Fahrenheit

  Stem
• What is the normal range of temperature in celcius

  36 - 38 DEGREES C
• Oral/Tympanic Site temperature in celcius (℃)

  36.1 - 37.4℃
• Rectal is higher than oral by?

  0.7℉ or 0.4℃
• What is the normal range of temperature?

  • 36 - 38 DEGREES C
  • 96.8 - 100.4 DEGREES F
• The rhythmic expansion of an artery produced by the wave of blood forces into blood vessels with each contraction of the left ventricle of the heart.

  Pulse
• Refers to the number of beats per minute.

  Rate
• What is the normal range of pulse

  60 -100 beats per minute.
• What causes the blood to move along in a wave like motion toward the capillaries

  expansion of the arterial wall
• If the pulse rate is over 100 beats per minute, what's the condition?

  Tachycardia
• If the pulse rate below 60 beats per minute, what is the condition?

  Bradycardia
• Refers to pattern of beats

  Rhythm
• If the interval between beats is the same.

  Regular rhythm
• Irregular intervals

  Arrhythmia
• Refers to the size or amplitude of the blood pushed against the wall of the artery with each ventricular contraction.

  Volume
• reaches higher than normal amplitude then disappears again.

  Bounding
• If the pulse cannot be felt, then it is

  Imperceptible
• It is a pulse site that groove between the Achilles tendon & tibia

  Posterior Tibial Artery
• A pulse site on the inner or medial aspect of the arm in antecubital fossa

  Brachial Artery
• A pulse site that has obtained by 2 persons simultaneously

  Apical-radial Pulse
• What temperature site that is higher than oral by 0.7^F or 0.4^C

  Rectal