Properties of Materials

• What are the properties of materials suited to different jobs?

  They depend on their properties.
• Why is it important to interpret information about material properties?

  To decide suitable materials for different purposes.
• What types of materials are mentioned in the study material?

  • Glass
  • Clay ceramics
  • Polymers
  • Metals
• What is a characteristic of glass and clay ceramics?

  They are insulators of heat and electricity.
• How do polymers differ in their applications?

  They are used in clothing and electrical items.
• What are metals known for in terms of conductivity?

  They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
• What happens to metals when they are drawn into wires?

  They can be drawn into wires and stiff.
• What are some uses of metals?

  Electrical wires, car bodywork, and cutlery.
• What do the properties of composites depend on?

  On the materials used and their application.
• Why might clay ceramics be unsuitable for a ship's hull?

  They are brittle and can break easily.
• What is a characteristic of low carbon steel?

  It is strong and can be easily protected.
• What is a disadvantage of pure metals?

  They can be soft and unsuitable for daily use.
• How are alloys made?

  By adding another element to the metal.
• What effect does adding elements to metals have?

  It makes alloys harder than pure metals.
• Why are low carbon steels often used instead of pure iron?

  They are stronger and more durable.
• What happens to low carbon steel when unprotected?

  It corrodes when exposed to moisture.
• What is the significance of the hull's brittleness?

  It could lead to sudden breakage.
• What is a property of rigid PVC?

  It is non-porous and corrosion resistant.
• Why should a hull not absorb water?

  It could cause the ship to sink.
• What is the relationship between material properties and their applications?

  Different properties suit different applications.
• What are the properties of materials that make them suitable for different jobs?

  • Conductivity (heat and electricity)
  • Brittleness or flexibility
  • Resistance to corrosion
  • Strength and durability
• What are alloys made from?

  Alloys are made by adding another element.
• How do alloys affect the structure of metals?

  Alloys disrupt the metal's structure, making them harder.
• What elements are added to iron to make steel?

  Small amounts of carbon and other metals.
• What is bronze made from?

  Bronze is made from copper and tin.
• Why is brass used in situations requiring low friction?

  Brass is more malleable than bronze.
• What is the primary use of gold alloys?

  Gold alloys are used to make jewelry.
• What is the composition of pure gold in carats?

  Pure gold is described as 24 carat.
• How does the percentage of gold change in 18 carat gold?

  It means 18 out of 24 parts are pure gold.
• What is aluminum used for in aircraft manufacturing?

  Aluminum alloys are used to make aircraft.
• Why is pure aluminum not used for aircraft?

  Pure aluminum is too soft for aircraft structures.
• What is the role of other metals in aluminum alloys?

  Other metals make aluminum stronger and more durable.
• What are the properties and uses of low carbon steel?

  • Very strong
  • Used for car bodies and construction
  • Contains low amounts of carbon
• What are the properties and uses of high carbon steel?

  • Very strong and inflexible
  • Used for cutting tools and blades
  • Contains higher amounts of carbon
• What are the properties and uses of stainless steel?

  • Corrosion-resistant
  • Used for kitchenware and medical instruments
  • Contains chromium and sometimes nickel
• What is the main property of stainless steel?

  Stainless steel is corrosion-resistant.
• What is the significance of the term "perfect purpose" in metallurgy?

  It refers to the ideal material for every application.
• What is the percentage of pure gold in 14 carat gold?

  14 carat gold contains 58.3% pure gold.
• What is the percentage of pure gold in 24 carat gold?

  24 carat gold is 100% pure gold.
• What is the percentage of carbon in high carbon steel?

  High carbon steel contains 0.22-2.5% carbon.