Carboxylic Acids

• What functional group do carboxylic acids have?

  -COOH
• What defines carboxylic acids?

  • Homologous series of compounds
  • All contain -COOH functional group
• What do the names of carboxylic acids typically end with?

  -anoic acid
• What is the general structure of carboxylic acids?

  They have a -COOH group
• How do carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

  They produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What is produced when carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

  Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What happens when carboxylic acids dissolve in water?

  They ionize and release H⁺ ions
• How do the strengths of carboxylic acids compare to strong acids?

  They have a higher pH than strong acids
• What type of solutions do carboxylic acids form in water?

  Weak acidic solutions
• What is the result of carboxylic acids not completely ionizing in water?

  They form weak acidic solutions
• What are the characteristics of carboxylic acids in terms of acidity?

  • They are weak acids
  • They release H⁺ ions in solution
  • They have higher pH than strong acids
• What is the general reaction of carboxylic acids with sodium carbonate?

  They produce sodium salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What is the significance of the -COOH group in carboxylic acids?

  It defines their acidic properties
• How do carboxylic acids behave in comparison to other acids?

  They react similarly to other acids
• What is the product of the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate?

  Sodium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide
• What is the result of carboxylic acids releasing H⁺ ions in solution?

  They create an acidic environment
• Why do carboxylic acids have a higher pH than strong acids?

  They do not ionize completely in solution
• What is the common characteristic of carboxylic acids?

  Presence of -COOH functional group
• What are the properties of carboxylic acids in water?

  • They dissolve in water
  • They release H⁺ ions
  • They form weak acidic solutions
• What do carboxylic acids produce when they react with bases?

  Salts and water
• How do carboxylic acids behave in reactions with other acids?

  They behave like other acids
• What is the significance of the pH of carboxylic acids compared to strong acids?

  They have a higher pH due to weak ionization
• What is the result of carboxylic acids reacting with sodium bicarbonate?

  Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
• What happens to the pH of a solution when carboxylic acids are added?

  The pH decreases, making it more acidic
• How do carboxylic acids compare to strong acids in terms of ionization?

  They partially ionize, unlike strong acids
• What is the common reaction product of carboxylic acids with metals?

  Hydrogen gas and salt
• What is the effect of carboxylic acids on the pH of a solution?

  They lower the pH, increasing acidity
• How do carboxylic acids behave in aqueous solutions compared to strong acids?

  They create weaker acidic solutions
• What do weak acid solutions form?

  Weak acidic solutions form weak acid solutions.
• What does a higher pH indicate about an acid?

  It indicates a weaker acidic solution.
• Where can you find more about strong and weak acids?

  On page 52.
• What can esters be made from?

  Esters can be made from carboxylic acids.
• What functional group do esters contain?

  They contain the "-COO-" functional group.
• What are esters formed from?

  Esters are formed from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
• What is a common use of an acid catalyst?

  To speed up reactions involving acids.
• What is the reaction between alcohol and carboxylic acid called?

  It is called esterification.
• How do carboxylic acids react in water compared to normal acids?

  They react similarly but are weaker.
• What is sodium carbonate added to?

  It is added to an aqueous solution of methanoic acid.
• What is the purpose of sodium carbonate in the reaction?

  To neutralize the acid in the solution.
• What is the word equation for the reaction of methanoic acid and sodium carbonate?

  Methanoic acid + Sodium carbonate → Sodium methanoate + Water + Carbon dioxide