Variation

• What is the main concept discussed in the material?

  Variation among organisms
• Why do not all people appear identical?

  There are reasons for this variation
• What are the differences among organisms of the same species?

  1. Different species look distinct
  2. Organisms of the same species show slight differences
  3. Examples include color, shape, and size
• What are the two types of variation mentioned?

  Genetic variation and environmental variation
• What causes genetic variation among organisms?

  Different genes inherited from parents
• How do genes influence characteristics in organisms?

  • Genes determine inherited traits
  • Traits can be similar to parents
  • Examples include color and shape
• How are genes passed on to offspring?

  Through sex cells (gametes)
• What is the significance of combining genes from two parents?

  It causes genetic variation
• What types of characteristics are determined solely by genes?

  Characteristics like flower color
• What environmental factors can influence characteristics in organisms?

  1. Conditions organisms live in
  2. Availability of resources
  3. Climate and habitat
• What is environmental variation?

  Differences caused by living conditions
• How does sunlight affect plant characteristics?

  It influences color and growth patterns
• How do environmental variations differ from genetic variations?

  Environmental variations are influenced by surroundings
• What is the result of environmental variations?

  Differences among members of the same species
• How does the environment affect the characteristics of organisms?

  It causes differences based on living conditions
• What is the relationship between genetic and environmental variation?

  Both contribute to differences in organisms
• What color would a plant grown in darkness be?

  It would be luscious and green
• How would the same plant grow in darkness?

  It would grow tall and spindly
• What type of leaves would the plant have when grown in darkness?

  Yellow leaves
• What are environmental variations in plants?

  • Differences in growth conditions
  • Impact on physical characteristics
  • Examples include light and nutrient availability
• What does environmental variation cover?

  A wider range of differences
• What can losing your toes in a plant attack lead to?

  Changes in plant characteristics
• What determines most characteristics in organisms?

  Genes and the environment
• What is the maximum height an organism can grow determined by?

  Its genes
• What does whether an organism actually grows depend on?

  Its environment
• What are mutations?

  Changes to the DNA sequence
• What can mutations lead to?

  Changes in the protein encoded
• What is the effect of most mutations on proteins?

  They have no effect
• What can some mutations do to phenotypes?

  They can slightly alter characteristics
• What can rare mutations result in?

  A new phenotype being seen
• What happens if the environment changes?

  New phenotypes may become common
• What role does the environment play in traits?

  It influences the suitability of traits
• What is meant by environmental variation?

  • Variations in traits due to environmental factors
  • Influences growth, development, and survival
  • Examples include climate, food availability, and habitat
• What is the role of natural selection in environmental variation?

  It selects traits suited to the environment
• How quickly can traits become common in a population?

  Relatively quickly through natural selection
• What is the significance of the environment in genetics?

  It plays a role in trait expression
• What can environmental changes lead to in a species?

  Rapid changes in traits
• How do environmental factors interact with genetics?

  They influence the expression of traits
• What is the relationship between environment and genetics?

  Both influence organism characteristics
• What is the role of the environment in evolution?

  It shapes the direction of evolutionary change