The Endocrine System

• What is the primary way to send information around the body apart from using nerves?

  By using hormones
• What are hormones classified as in the body?

  Chemical messengers sent in the blood
• How are hormones released into the bloodstream?

  Released directly into the blood
• What do hormones affect in the body?

  Particular cells in specific organs
• What do hormones control in organs and cells?

  Functions that need constant adjustment
• Where are hormones produced in the body?

  In endocrine glands
• What is the role of the pituitary gland?

  Produces hormones that regulate body conditions
• What is another name for the pituitary gland?

  The master gland
• What does the thyroid gland produce?

  Thyroxine
• What is the function of thyroxine?

  Regulates metabolism, heart rate, and temperature
• What does the adrenal gland produce?

  Adrenaline
• What is the role of adrenaline in the body?

  Prepares the body for fight or flight
• What do ovaries produce?

  Estrogen
• What is the function of estrogen?

  Involved in the menstrual cycle
• What do testes produce?

  Testosterone
• What is the role of testosterone?

  Controls puberty and sperm production
• What does the pancreas produce?

  Insulin
• What is the function of insulin?

  Regulates blood glucose levels
• What is the difference between nerves and hormones in terms of action speed?

  Nerves act very fast, hormones act slower
• How long do hormones typically act compared to nerves?

  Hormones act for a long time
• How do hormones generally act compared to nerves?

  In a more general way
• If you are unsure whether a response is nervous or hormonal, what should you consider?

  Speed and duration of the response
• What are the main glands in the endocrine system and their functions?

  • Pituitary gland: Master gland, regulates body conditions
  • Thyroid gland: Produces thyroxine, regulates metabolism
  • Adrenal gland: Produces adrenaline, prepares for fight or flight
  • Ovaries: Produce estrogen, involved in menstrual cycle
  • Testes: Produce testosterone, controls puberty
  • Pancreas: Produces insulin, regulates blood glucose levels
• What are the differences between nerves and hormones?

  • Nerves:
  • Very fast action
  • Short duration
  • Precise area of effect
  • Hormones:
  • Slower action
  • Long-lasting effects
  • Generalized area of effect
• What type of action do nerves have?

  Very fast action
• How long do nerve actions last?

  For a very short time
• What type of areas do nerve actions act on?

  Very precise areas
• What type of action do hormones have?

  Slower action
• How long do hormone actions last?

  For a long time
• In what way do hormones act?

  In a more general way
• How can you determine if a response is nervous or hormonal?

  If it's quick, it's probably nervous
• What happens if a response lasts a long time?

  It's probably hormonal
• What hormone is released during a shock?

  Adrenaline
• What does adrenaline cause in the body?

  Fight or flight response
• How can you tell if a response is hormonal despite its quickness?

  You feel a bit wobbly afterward
• What do hormones control in the body?

  Various organs and cells
• What do hormones tend to control?

  Things that aren't immediately life-threatening
• What are the differences between nerve and hormone responses?

  • Nerve responses:
  • Very fast action
  • Short duration
  • Precise areas
  • Hormone responses:
  • Slower action
  • Long duration
  • General way
• What is the master gland referred to?

  The pituitary gland
• What do monitors in the body do?

  They monitor skin temperature