Viral, Fungal and Protist Diseases

• What types of diseases are caused by viruses, fungi, and protists?

  Viral, fungal, and protist diseases
• What do you need to know about viral diseases?

  You need to know about three viral diseases
• What is measles?

  Measles is a viral disease
• How is measles spread?

  It is spread by droplets from sneezes or coughs
• What symptoms do people with measles develop?

  They develop a rash and fever
• What can measles lead to if there are complications?

  It can lead to pneumonia or brain inflammation
• When are most people vaccinated against measles?

  When they are young
• What is HIV?

  HIV is a virus spread by sexual contact
• How can HIV be transmitted?

  By sharing bodily fluids like blood
• What initial symptoms does HIV cause?

  Flu-like symptoms for a few weeks
• What happens if HIV is not treated?

  It can lead to AIDS and severe immune damage
• How can HIV be controlled?

  With antiretroviral drugs
• What does the HIV virus attack?

  It attacks immune cells
• What happens if the immune system is severely damaged by HIV?

  It can't cope with other infections or cancers
• What is TMV?

  TMV is a virus affecting many plant species
• What does TMV cause on plant leaves?

  A mosaic pattern on the leaves
• What is the effect of TMV on plant growth?

  It prevents the plant from carrying out photosynthesis
• What are the symptoms and complications of measles?

  • Symptoms: rash, fever
  • Complications: pneumonia, brain inflammation
• What are the symptoms and complications of HIV?

  • Initial symptoms: flu-like symptoms
  • Complications: AIDS, severe immune damage
• What are the symptoms and effects of TMV on plants?

  • Symptoms: mosaic pattern on leaves
  • Effects: prevents photosynthesis, affects growth
• What does the virus affect?

  Growth
• What is a fungal disease mentioned in the material?

  • Rose black spot
• What does rose black spot cause on leaves?

  Purplish black spots
• What happens to leaves affected by rose black spot?

  They turn yellow and drop off
• What is the consequence of less photosynthesis due to rose black spot?

  The plant doesn't grow very well
• How is rose black spot spread?

  Through water or by the wind
• How can gardeners treat rose black spot?

  • Use fungicides
  • Strip affected leaves
  • Destroy infected leaves
• Why must affected leaves be destroyed?

  To prevent the fungus from spreading
• What is malaria caused by?

  • A protist
• What is part of the malaria protist's life cycle?

  It takes place inside the mosquito
• How do mosquitoes contribute to the spread of malaria?

  They pick up the protist when feeding
• What happens when a mosquito feeds on an infected animal?

  It infects the next animal it feeds on
• What are the symptoms of malaria?

  Repeating episodes of fever
• What can malaria be?

  Fatal
• How can the spread of malaria be reduced?

  By stopping mosquitoes from breeding
• What can people use to protect themselves from mosquitoes?

  Insecticides and mosquito nets
• What should students know about the diseases mentioned?

  They should know their causes and treatments
• What is a common symptom of malaria?

  Fever
• What is the role of the examiner in relation to diseases?

  To ensure students know about them