2.1.1 Formation of Ions

• Ions are charged particles formed when atoms gain or lose electrons
• Cations are negatively charged ions

  False
• Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons
• Non-metals tend to form cations

  False
• Ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons from metal atoms to non-metal atoms
• Metals form anions by losing electrons

  False
• Steps in the formation of an ionic bond between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)

  1️⃣ Sodium (Na) loses one electron to form $Na^{ + }$

  2️⃣ Chlorine (Cl) gains one electron to form $Cl^{ - }$

  3️⃣ $Na^{ + }$ and $Cl^{ - }$ ions attract each other to form NaCl
• Match the atom type with its electron transfer and ion formed:

  Metal ↔️ Lose electrons, Cation

  Non-metal ↔️ Gain electrons, Anion
• How do ionic bonds form?

  Electron transfer
• Metals lose electrons to form cations
• Non-metals gain electrons to form anions
• What charge do cations have?

  Positive
• What process do non-metals undergo to form anions?

  Gain electrons
• When sodium (Na) loses an electron to chlorine (Cl), it forms Na^ +
• The ionic bond formed between $Na^ +$ and $Cl^ -$ is $Na^ +$$Cl^ -$
• What do ions achieve when they gain or lose electrons?

  Stable electron configuration
• Match the ion type with its electron behavior:

  Cations ↔️ Lose electrons

  Anions ↔️ Gain electrons
• Which type of ion loses electrons?

  Cations
• Metals tend to form cations, while non-metals tend to form anions
• Examples of cations include Na^ +
• What is an example of an anion?

  Cl^ -
• Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons
• Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons.
• Ionic bonds result in atoms achieving a stable noble gas electron configuration.
• When sodium reacts with chlorine, sodium loses one electron to form a cation
• Ions achieve a stable electron configuration by resembling noble gases.
• When sodium forms $Na^{ + }$, its electron configuration changes to resemble that of neon
• Common oxidation states for ions correspond to their charges