2.1.2 Ionic Compounds

Cards (30)

Steps in the formation of ionic compounds
1️⃣ Atoms lose or gain electrons to achieve a full outer shell
2️⃣ Metals lose electrons to become cations
3️⃣ Non-metals gain electrons to become anions
4️⃣ Both ions achieve a noble gas electron configuration
5️⃣ Electrostatic attraction forms a giant lattice structure
Ionic compounds are formed through the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces in their lattice structure.
Match the property with the correct type of compound:
High melting point ↔️ Ionic compounds
Shared electrons ↔️ Covalent compounds
Sodium chloride ( $NaCl$ ) is an example of an ionic compound formed when sodium becomes Na^ + and chlorine becomes $Cl^ -$ .
Cations are formed when non-metals gain electrons.
False
In $NaCl$ , $Na^ +$ has the electron configuration of neon, while $Cl^ -$ has the electron configuration of argon.
Ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure held together by strong electrostatic forces.
In $NaCl$ , sodium cations and chloride anions are arranged in a cuboid lattice.
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid due to the movement of electrons in their lattice structure.
False
What type of melting and boiling points do ionic compounds have?
High
Ionic compounds are known for their hardness
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when in a solid state.
False
What is the typical solubility of ionic compounds in water?
Typically soluble
Ionic compounds are formed through the transfer of electrons
Match the ion type with its formation process:
Cations ↔️ Lose electrons
Anions ↔️ Gain electrons
Ions in ionic compounds achieve a stable electron configuration by satisfying the octet rule.
What type of structure is formed in ionic compounds due to electrostatic attraction?
Giant ionic lattice
Ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure held together by strong electrostatic forces
In an ionic lattice, cations and anions alternate to ensure maximum attraction and stability.
What type of lattice structure does sodium chloride ( $NaCl$ ) form? 
Cuboid
Covalent compounds differ from ionic compounds in that they have discrete molecules
The high melting and boiling points of ionic compounds are due to the strong electrostatic attraction between ions.
Why are ionic compounds brittle?
Like-charged ions repel
Ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved.
Match the property with the correct compound type:
High melting point ↔️ Ionic compounds
Low melting point ↔️ Covalent compounds
Why are ionic compounds typically soluble in water?
Water is polar
Sodium chloride is composed of $Na^ +$ and $Cl^ -$ ions and is commonly used as table salt
Magnesium oxide ( $MgO$ ) is used in antacids due to its ability to neutralize acids.
Which ionic compound is used in the fluoridation of water?
Calcium Fluoride