6.2.2 Structural Isomerism

• Structural isomerism occurs when compounds share the same molecular formula but have different structural arrangements
• Chain isomerism involves differences in the arrangement of the carbon chain
• What is the difference between propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol in position isomerism?

  Functional group position
• Functional group isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different functional groups
• Structural isomerism can lead to variations in physical properties such as boiling point.
• Match the type of structural isomerism with its defining characteristic:

  Chain Isomerism ↔️ Arrangement of carbon chain

  Position Isomerism ↔️ Position of functional group

  Functional Group Isomerism ↔️ Difference in functional group
• What is the molecular formula of butane?

  $C_{4}H_{10}$
• n-Butane has a higher boiling point than isobutane due to its linear structure
• Chain isomerism affects both the boiling point and reactivity of isomers.
• What is the key difference between propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol in position isomerism?

  OH group position
• Compared to functional group isomerism, position isomerism results in similar chemical properties but different physical
• Position isomerism leads to variations in chemical reactivity.

  False
• Arrange the three types of structural isomerism in order of increasing difference in chemical properties:

  1️⃣ Position Isomerism

  2️⃣ Chain Isomerism

  3️⃣ Functional Group Isomerism
• What is the molecular difference in Position Isomerism?

  Functional group position
• Propanol can exist as either propan-1-ol or propan-2-ol
• Position Isomerism results in compounds with identical physical properties.

  False
• What type of isomerism involves compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms?

  Structural Isomerism
• Structural Isomerism leads to compounds with varying physical and chemical properties
• Structural Isomerism results in identical molecules with identical properties.

  False
• What is the molecular difference in Chain Isomerism?

  Carbon chain arrangement
• Butane can exist as either n-butane or isobutane
• Branched alkanes have higher boiling points compared to linear alkanes due to stronger intermolecular forces.

  False
• Order the following isomers of butane by increasing boiling point.

  1️⃣ Isobutane

  2️⃣ n-Butane
• What is the defining characteristic of chain isomerism?

  Same molecular formula, different carbon chain arrangement
• Butane (C_{4}H_{10}</latex>) has two isomers, including n-butane and isobutane
• n-Butane has a higher boiling point than isobutane due to its linear structure.
• What are the physical properties affected by chain isomerism?

  Boiling point and melting point
• Position isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula and functional group but differ in the group's position
• Position isomers have similar chemical properties but different physical properties.
• What is the defining characteristic of functional group isomerism?

  Same molecular formula, different functional groups
• Match the functional group with its example:

  Alcohol ↔️ Ethanol

  Ether ↔️ Dimethyl Ether
• How does functional group isomerism affect the reactivity of compounds?

  Changes their chemical behavior
• Arrange the types of structural isomers from least to most significant differences in chemical properties:

  1️⃣ Chain Isomerism

  2️⃣ Position Isomerism

  3️⃣ Functional Group Isomerism
• Match the type of isomerism with its description:

  Chain Isomerism ↔️ Difference in carbon chain arrangement

  Position Isomerism ↔️ Difference in functional group position

  Functional Group Isomerism ↔️ Difference in functional group
• What is the molecular arrangement difference in chain isomerism?

  Difference in carbon chain
• Position isomers have the same functional group but in different locations.
• What is the molecular arrangement difference in functional group isomerism?

  Difference in functional group
• Structural Isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.
• What is the molecular arrangement in chain isomerism?

  Difference in carbon chain
• Position Isomerism involves a difference in the position of the functional group.