2.6.3 Genetic Counseling

• What is the primary activity in the family history analysis stage of genetic counseling?

  Creating a pedigree chart
• During the genetic testing options stage, counselors explain the methods, costs, and turnaround times
• Follow-up care in genetic counseling may include scheduling future sessions and providing educational materials.
• What is the first stage of the genetic counseling process?

  Family History Analysis
• The risk assessment stage involves calculating risk percentages using family history and prevalence rates.
• The genetic counseling process aims to ensure individuals and families are well-informed to make the best health decisions.
• What is the primary purpose of genetic counseling?

  Advisory service
• What are the objectives of genetic counseling?

  1️⃣ Analyze family history

  2️⃣ Assess risks of genetic disorders

  3️⃣ Discuss genetic testing options

  4️⃣ Assist in reproductive planning
• Risk assessment in genetic counseling involves calculating the likelihood of inheriting or transmitting a genetic condition.
• What is one of the objectives of genetic counseling related to informed decision-making?

  Reproductive planning
• Match the stage of genetic counseling with its description:

  Family History Analysis ↔️ Gathering detailed family medical history

  Risk Assessment ↔️ Evaluating the probability of genetic conditions

  Genetic Testing Options ↔️ Discussing available testing methods

  Decision Support ↔️ Assisting in informed choices
• In the genetic counseling process, ongoing support and resources are provided during follow-up
• The genetic counseling process ensures individuals are well-informed to make the best decisions for their health and family.
• What is the equation used to calculate the probability of inheritance in genetic counseling?

  P(inheritance) = (No. affected alleles) / (Total alleles)</latex>
• Match the type of genetic counseling with its focus:

  Preconception Counseling ↔️ Genetic risks before pregnancy

  Prenatal Counseling ↔️ Concerns during pregnancy

  Pediatric Counseling ↔️ Conditions affecting children

  Adult Counseling ↔️ Late-onset genetic diseases
• Understanding the specific types of genetic counseling helps families plan and manage potential genetic issues effectively.
• What is the primary focus of preconception genetic counseling?

  Genetic risks before pregnancy
• Prenatal counseling addresses genetic concerns during pregnancy
• What type of genetic condition is pediatric counseling most concerned with?

  Congenital anomalies
• The principle of autonomy in genetic counseling emphasizes respect for individual choices regarding genetic testing and reproductive options.
• Maintaining the privacy of clients' genetic information aligns with the ethical principle of confidentiality
• What must clients receive to ensure informed consent in genetic counseling?

  Comprehensive information
• Non-directiveness in genetic counseling means imposing personal beliefs on the client's reproductive choices.

  False
• Objectives of genetic counseling in order

  1️⃣ Analyze family history

  2️⃣ Assess risks of genetic disorders

  3️⃣ Discuss genetic testing options

  4️⃣ Assist in reproductive planning
• What does genetic counseling assess in terms of genetic disorders?

  Inheritance risks
• Calculating the probability of inheritance involves the formula P(inheritance) = (No. affected alleles) / (Total alleles)</latex>, which is a key activity in risk
• Emotional support is a key objective of genetic counseling.
• What does the genetic testing options stage involve in the genetic counseling process?

  Discussing available genetic tests
• Stages of the genetic counseling process

  1️⃣ Family History Analysis

  2️⃣ Risk Assessment

  3️⃣ Genetic Testing Options

  4️⃣ Decision Support

  5️⃣ Follow-up Care
• What is the focus of preconception genetic counseling?

  Potential risks to offspring
• Match the type of genetic counseling with its focus:

  Prenatal Counseling ↔️ Fetal health

  Pediatric Counseling ↔️ Congenital anomalies

  Adult Counseling ↔️ Hereditary cancers
• Prenatal counseling addresses genetic concerns during pregnancy.
• The different types of genetic counseling help families manage potential genetic issues at various life stages.
• What is the ethical principle of autonomy in genetic counseling?

  Respecting informed decisions
• The principle of confidentiality requires adherence to HIPAA regulations.
• What is the role of informed consent in genetic counseling?

  Providing comprehensive information
• Analyzing case studies in genetic counseling helps develop effective communication and decision-making skills.
• What does Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) allow in genetic counseling?

  Comprehensive analysis of genes
• Liquid biopsies detect genetic material from blood samples.
• How does AI-assisted diagnostics improve genetic counseling?

  Predicting disease risks