5.3.1 Primary Succession

• What is primary succession?

  Colonization of barren habitat
• Primary succession is the initial colonization of a previously barren
• Pioneer species begin soil formation during primary succession
• Order the stages of primary succession from barren substrate to climax community

  1️⃣ Pioneer Species

  2️⃣ Soil Formation

  3️⃣ Colonization

  4️⃣ Establishment

  5️⃣ Climax Community
• Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize barren substrates, initiating ecosystem development
• Lichens break down rock to form soil during primary succession
• Primary succession occurs on barren habitats without any existing soil
• The rate of primary succession is influenced by climate conditions
• A climax community is a stable ecosystem characterized by balanced nutrient cycles and minimal changes in species composition