6.3.2 Vaccination Strategies

• Vaccination strategies aim to achieve herd immunity or protect individuals from diseases.herd immunity
• Match the vaccination strategy with its description:

  Ring vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate around an outbreak

  Mass vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate a large population

  Targeted vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate specific groups
• Ring vaccination is used during a widespread pandemic to achieve herd immunity quickly.

  False
• What is an example of a vaccination strategy that targets a large population?

  Mass vaccination
• An annual flu vaccination campaign is an example of a mass vaccination strategy.mass vaccination
• What specific group is targeted in the HPV vaccination strategy?

  Teenagers
• Order the types of vaccination strategies from most targeted to least targeted:

  1️⃣ Ring vaccination

  2️⃣ Mass vaccination

  3️⃣ Targeted vaccination
• Mass vaccination aims to achieve herd immunity by vaccinating a majority of the population.
• Match the vaccine type with its description:

  Inactivated vaccines ↔️ Use killed pathogens or parts

  Live attenuated vaccines ↔️ Use weakened pathogens

  Subunit vaccines ↔️ Contain specific antigens
• Inactivated vaccines stimulate an antibody response without causing disease.disease
• Which type of vaccine uses weakened pathogens to stimulate a strong immune response?

  Live attenuated
• mRNA vaccines stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses.
• Match the vaccine type with its example:

  Inactivated vaccines ↔️ Influenza vaccine

  Live attenuated vaccines ↔️ Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine

  mRNA vaccines ↔️ COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna)
• What type of response does the inactivated influenza vaccine stimulate in the body?

  Antibody production
• Inactivated vaccines use killed pathogens or parts of pathogens to stimulate an antibody response.
• What is the main difference between active and passive immunity?

  Antibody source
• Active immunity provides long-term protection because the body produces its own antibodies.
• The measles vaccine provides active immunity.
• What is the basic reproduction number denoted by?

  $R_{0}$
• Herd immunity protects unvaccinated individuals by reducing disease spread.
• What are the three main types of vaccination strategies?

  Ring, mass, targeted
• Ring vaccination involves vaccinating individuals around an outbreak to prevent spread.
• Match the vaccination strategy with its description:

  Ring Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate around an outbreak

  Mass Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate a large population

  Targeted Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate specific groups
• Which vaccination strategy is used during annual flu vaccination campaigns?

  Mass vaccination
• Passive immunity provides immediate but temporary protection.
• Breast milk provides newborns with passive immunity.
• What value of $R_{0}$ indicates that herd immunity is achieved?


  R_{0} < 1</latex>
• Unvaccinated individuals are protected indirectly through herd immunity.
• What are some key challenges in vaccine development?

  Cost, storage, delivery
• Ultra-cold storage requirements for vaccines present logistical challenges in remote areas.
• Arrange the factors affecting vaccine effectiveness in a logical sequence:

  1️⃣ Vaccine type

  2️⃣ Strain matching

  3️⃣ Individual immune response
• Which type of vaccine often provides stronger immunity?

  Live attenuated vaccines
• Mismatched strains in vaccines can reduce their effectiveness.
• Some individuals may not mount a sufficient immune response to vaccines.
• Vaccine effectiveness is influenced by several factors, including vaccine type, strain matching, and individual immune response
• Live attenuated vaccines often provide stronger immunity compared to inactivated vaccines.
• Match the factor with its impact on vaccine effectiveness:

  Vaccine Type ↔️ Live attenuated vaccines provide stronger immunity

  Strain Matching ↔️ Mismatched strains reduce effectiveness

  Individual Immune Response ↔️ Variability can affect immunity levels
• The effectiveness of the flu vaccine varies annually based on how well it matches the circulating flu strains
• Vaccination strategies are methods to achieve herd immunity.
• Order the three main types of vaccination strategies:

  1️⃣ Ring Vaccination

  2️⃣ Mass Vaccination

  3️⃣ Targeted Vaccination