8.1.1 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

• What does the Central Nervous System (CNS) consist of?

  Brain and spinal cord
• The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) comprises all nerve tissue outside the brain and spinal cord
• What are the two main components of the CNS?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What are the two main divisions of the PNS?

  Sensory and motor
• The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements
• Which division of the PNS regulates involuntary functions?

  Autonomic nervous system
• The CNS and PNS work independently of each other

  False
• What is the CNS responsible for controlling?

  Movement, sensation, perception
• The spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body
• What does the PNS connect the CNS to?

  Body's periphery
• The sensory division of the PNS transmits information to the CNS
• Match the division of the PNS with its function:

  Sensory Division ↔️ Transmits sensory information

  Motor Division ↔️ Carries signals from CNS

  Somatic System ↔️ Controls skeletal muscles

  Autonomic System ↔️ Regulates involuntary functions
• What are the two main components of the CNS?

  Brain and spinal cord
• The brain controls complex functions like thinking and memory
• Arrange the steps in the reflex arc when touching a hot surface:

  1️⃣ Sensory receptors detect heat

  2️⃣ Sensory nerves transmit signal to CNS

  3️⃣ Signal reaches spinal cord

  4️⃣ Motor nerves carry signal to muscles

  5️⃣ Muscles contract to retract hand
• Where is the brain located in the CNS?

  Within the skull
• The brain is responsible for higher-level functions like thought and memory
• Match the PNS division with its description:

  Sensory Division ↔️ Transmits information to CNS

  Motor Division ↔️ Carries signals from CNS
• The motor division of the PNS includes the somatic and autonomic systems
• What is the primary function of the sensory division of the PNS?

  Transmits sensory information
• When you touch a hot surface, the sensory nerves send a signal to the brain, which triggers the motor nerves to retract your hand
• What does the PNS connect to the CNS?

  Body's periphery
• The motor division of the PNS is responsible for transmitting sensory information.

  False
• The motor division of the PNS is subdivided into the somatic and autonomic systems.
• What are the three critical functions performed by the CNS?

  Sensory processing, integration, motor control
• Match the CNS component with its function:

  Brain ↔️ Processes visual information

  Spinal cord ↔️ Transmits signals
• Where is the brain located within the CNS?

  Within the skull
• The spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and peripheral body parts.
• The sensory division of the PNS involves somatic senses and special senses like vision and hearing.
• Steps involved in the motor control function of the CNS:

  1️⃣ Sensory information is processed

  2️⃣ Brain coordinates motor signals

  3️⃣ Signals are transmitted to muscles

  4️⃣ Voluntary or involuntary movement occurs
• The motor division of the PNS transmits sensory information to the CNS.

  False
• What are the two subdivisions of the motor division in the PNS?

  Somatic and autonomic
• What is the primary function of the sensory division of the nervous system?

  Transmit sensory information
• When you touch a hot surface, the sensory division sends a signal to the brain
• The sensory division of the PNS transmits information to the CNS.
• Which types of senses are involved in the sensory division of the PNS?

  Somatic and special senses
• Match the motor division subdivisions with their functions:

  Somatic ↔️ Voluntary skeletal muscles

  Autonomic ↔️ Involuntary functions
• The PNS connects the CNS to the body's periphery
• Steps involved in touching a hot surface and retracting your hand

  1️⃣ Sensory nerves transmit signal to brain

  2️⃣ Motor nerves trigger muscle retraction
• What does the autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulate?

  Involuntary functions