Characters

• What can be represented as binary code?

  Words, images, and sound
• How are characters processed by a computer?

  They are converted into binary code
• What are the components that make up words?

  Different characters
• What types of characters are included in alphanumeric characters?

  Uppercase, lowercase letters, digits, and symbols
• What digits are included in alphanumeric characters?

  Digits 0-9
• Why can't computers process characters directly?

  They can only process binary code
• What is needed for computers to process characters?

  A way to convert characters to binary code
• What are character sets?

  Collections of characters recognized by computers
• How do computers recognize character sets?

  From their binary representation
• What should not be confused with character sets?

  Fonts
• What determines the letter type you use?

  The character set
• What do character sets also contain?

  Special characters for commands
• What happens when you press a button on your keyboard?

  A binary signal is sent to the computer
• What does the computer do with the binary signal from the keyboard?

  Translates it into a specific character
• What determines how many bits you need?

  The character set
• How many different characters can a 7-bit binary code represent?

  128 different characters
• What types of characters are included in the ASCII character set?

  Letters, numbers, symbols, and commands
• What does ASCII stand for?

  American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• How many characters does ASCII include?

  All letters in the English alphabet
• What does the ASCII character set allow for?

  Representation of various characters in computing
• What characters are used in the English-speaking world?

  ASCII characters
• How many bits are used for each ASCII character?

  7-bit binary code
• How many different characters can be represented by ASCII?

  128 different characters
• What types of characters are included in ASCII?

  Letters, numbers, symbols, and commands
• What is the structure of the binary code for ASCII characters?

  • An extra bit (0) is added to the start
  • Each ASCII character fits into 1 byte
• How are the codes for numbers and letters ordered in ASCII?

  Numbers come before uppercase letters
• What does the binary code for ASCII characters allow?

  It allows representation of characters in computing
• What is the hexadecimal representation of the character 'A' in ASCII?

  41
• How does Unicode differ from ASCII?

  Unicode uses multiple bytes for characters
• What are the advantages of Unicode over ASCII?

  • Covers all major languages
  • Supports multiple character sets
  • Allows for more symbols and emojis
• What is the first 128 codes in Unicode equivalent to?

  They are the same as ASCII
• How can you calculate the size of a text file using ASCII?

  Size = number of bits per character x number of characters
• If a text file uses 8 bits per character and contains 200 characters, what is its size in bits?

  $1600 \text{ bits}$
• What is the binary representation of the character 'B' in ASCII?

  01000010
• What is the significance of the extra bit in ASCII binary codes?

  It allows fitting into 1 byte
• What are the key differences between ASCII and Unicode?

  • ASCII: 7-bit, 128 characters
  • Unicode: Multiple bytes, covers all languages
  • ASCII limited to English, Unicode supports symbols