2.6 Quarks and antiquarks

• Match the property with its correct description:

  Composition ↔️ Fundamental particles ||| Antimatter counterparts of quarks

  Electric Charge ↔️ Fractional (±1/3, ±2/3) ||| Opposite of quarks (∓1/3, ∓2/3)
• Match the quark type with its correct properties:

  Up Quark ↔️ +2/3 e charge, ~2.3 MeV/c² mass

  Down Quark ↔️ -1/3 e charge, ~4.8 MeV/c² mass

  Strange Quark ↔️ -1/3 e charge, ~95 MeV/c² mass
• Antiquarks have the same electric charge as their corresponding quarks.

  False
• Quarks are fundamental particles that make up hadrons
• What mediates the strong force between quarks?

  Gluons
• Quarks have integer electric charges.

  False
• Baryons are composed of three quarks.


  True
• What is the quark composition of a proton?

  2 up, 1 down
• Neutrons have an electric charge of 0.
• What are quarks building blocks of?

  Hadrons
• Match the quark property with its description:

  Composition ↔️ Fundamental particles

  Electric Charge ↔️ Fractional (±1/3, ±2/3)

  Hadron Composition ↔️ Building blocks of hadrons

  Examples ↔️ Up, Down, Strange, Charm
• Quarks possess a color charge of red, green, or blue.


  True
• Quarks are fundamental particles that make up hadrons
• Quarks have fractional electric charges of either +2/3 e or -1/3 e.
• The electric charge of quarks is measured in terms of the elementary charge e.
• Antiquarks have a color charge that is the opposite of the corresponding quark.
• Antiquarks have the same mass as quarks but opposite electric charge.


  True
• Antiquarks have the same mass as quarks but opposite color charge.


  True
• When matter and antimatter meet, they annihilate each other and release energy.
• A proton is made up of two up quarks and one down quark.
• A neutron is composed of two down quarks and one up quark.
• What is the most stable baryon?

  Proton
• There are six types (flavors) of quarks: up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top.
• What is the electric charge of a quark in terms of the elementary charge 'e'?

  +2/3 e or -1/3 e
• Antiquarks have the same mass as quarks but opposite color charge.


  True
• What is the electric charge of a down quark?

  -1/3 e
• Quarks are fundamental particles that make up hadrons such as protons and neutrons
• The mass of the strange quark is approximately 95 MeV/c²
• When matter and antimatter meet, they annihilate each other.

  True
• Steps to form a proton from its constituent quarks

  1️⃣ Combine two up quarks

  2️⃣ Combine with one down quark

  3️⃣ Form a baryon
• A neutron consists of two down quarks and one up quark.
• Match the particle type with its quark composition:

  Baryon ↔️ Three quarks

  Meson ↔️ Quark-antiquark pair

  Proton ↔️ uud

  Neutron ↔️ ddu
• Quarks can be isolated as free particles.

  False
• There are six flavors of quarks.


  True
• What are the possible fractional electric charges of quarks?

  +2/3 e or -1/3 e
• Quarks and antiquarks have the same mass.


  True
• The mass of a strange quark is approximately 95 MeV/c².
• There are six flavors of quarks: up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom.


  True
• What is the mass of a down quark in MeV/c²?

  ~4.8
• What is the antiparticle of an electron called?

  Positron