The outermost solid shell of the Earth is the crust
What is the composition of the lithosphere?
Crust and uppermost solid mantle
The outer core is composed of an iron-nickel alloy
The mesosphere is located between 700-2900 km and is in a solid state.
Plates moving apart at divergent boundaries create mid-ocean ridges.
Divergent boundaries allow magma to rise, creating new crust.
True
S-waves cannot pass through the Earth's liquid outer core.
True
What is the average speed of S-waves through the Earth's crust?
3-5 km/s
What is the primary geological feature associated with plate boundaries?
Geological activity
When two continental plates collide at a convergent boundary, they form mountains
Through what type of material can S-waves propagate?
Solids only
The mantle is composed of dense, hot, semi-molten rock
What is the thickest layer of the Earth?
Mantle
Convection currents in the asthenosphere drive tectonic plate movement.
True
Which layer of the Earth's structure is responsible for tectonic plate movement?
Lithosphere
Convection currents in the asthenosphere drive plate movement.
True
Subduction zones at convergent boundaries can lead to volcanic eruptions.
True
What processes occur at convergent boundaries that form mountains?
Subduction or collision
What type of wave is an S-wave?
Transverse wave
P-waves are compressional waves, while S-waves are transverse waves.
True
Match the type of plate boundary with its process:
Convergent ↔️ Subduction or collision
Divergent ↔️ Plates move apart
Transform ↔️ Plates slide horizontally
Divergent boundaries create new oceanic crust through volcanic activity along mid-ocean ridges.
True
P-waves travel at a speed of approximately 5-8 km/s
The inner core of the Earth is solid and primarily made of an iron-nickel alloy.
True
Convection currents in the mantle drive the movement of tectonic plates at divergent boundaries.
True
What geological features are associated with transform boundaries?
Fault lines, earthquakes
Rift valleys are geological features created at divergent boundaries.
P-waves travel at a speed of 5-8 km/s, while S-waves travel at 3-5 km/s.
What is mantle convection driven by?
Temperature and density
At what type of plate boundaries do plates move apart?
Divergent boundaries
Where does upwelling mantle material create new oceanic crust?
Mid-ocean ridge
How many main layers is the Earth composed of?
Four
The outer core is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field.
True
At a convergent boundary where subduction occurs, geological features such as trenches, volcanoes, and mountains are formed by one plate sliding beneath another
Match the plate boundary with its geological process:
Convergent ↔️ Subduction or collision
Divergent ↔️ Plates move apart
Transform ↔️ Plates slide past each other
Primary types of plate boundaries in Plate Tectonic Theory
1️⃣ Convergent
2️⃣ Divergent
3️⃣ Transform
What geological feature is created at divergent boundaries?
Rift valleys
Match the plate boundary with its geological process:
Divergent ↔️ Plates move apart
Convergent ↔️ Plates collide
Transform ↔️ Plates slide past each other
S-waves travel slower than P-waves through the Earth's crust.
The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several tectonic plates.