3.1.12.5 Neutralisation

• Neutralisation reactions are used to produce important salts for industrial and household use
• Acids have a bitter taste, while bases have a sour taste.

  False
• Acids taste sour


  True
• Bases have a pH greater than 7


  True
• Neutralisation forms a salt and water
• An acid releases hydrogen ions (H+) in water
• What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

  HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_{2}O</latex>
• Match the salt with the acid and base that formed it:

  Sodium Chloride (NaCl) ↔️ HCl and NaOH

  Potassium Nitrate (KNO$_{3}$) ↔️ HNO$_{3}$ and KOH

  Calcium Sulfate (CaSO$_{4}$) ↔️ H$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ and Ca(OH)$_{2}$
• Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water
• Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water
• Acids react with metals to produce hydrogen gas.


  True
• Balanced chemical equations in neutralisation reactions ensure the conservation of mass.


  True
• Acids release hydrogen ions (H⁺), while bases release hydroxide ions (OH⁻). The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
• What are the products formed in a neutralisation reaction?

  Salt and water
• Bases have a bitter taste and acids have a sour taste
• What forms during salt formation in a neutralisation reaction?

  Positive ion from the base
• Acidic waste is treated with a base like lime (CaO) to neutralize it.


  True
• What is the role of neutralisation in the small intestine during digestion?

  Maintain healthy pH levels
• What two products are formed in a neutralisation reaction?

  Salt and water
• What is formed from the cation of a base and the anion of an acid in a neutralisation reaction?

  Salt
• Acids have a pH less than 7
• Acids neutralize bases to form a salt and water
• Do bases react with metals?

  No
• What is the general form of a balanced chemical equation for a neutralisation reaction?

  Acid + Base → Salt + Water
• What is formed from the cation of the base and the anion of the acid?

  Salt
• Order the steps of a neutralisation reaction:

  1️⃣ Acid releases H+ ions

  2️⃣ Base releases OH- ions

  3️⃣ H+ and OH- combine

  4️⃣ Salt and water are formed
• Acids release hydrogen gas when reacting with metals

  True
• Three primary uses of neutralisation reactions

  1️⃣ Balancing pH levels

  2️⃣ Waste treatment

  3️⃣ Industrial salt production
• Bases have a pH greater than 7
• In a balanced neutralisation reaction, the general equation is: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
• Acids taste sour and bases taste bitter.


  True
• Three applications of neutralisation reactions

  1️⃣ Biological systems

  2️⃣ Waste treatment

  3️⃣ Industrial salt production
• The pH of acids is greater than 7.

  False
• Acids react with bases to form salt and water.


  True
• In biological systems, stomach acid (HCl) is neutralized by bicarbonate
• Sulfuric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium sulfate
• Acids have a pH less than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7.

  True
• What are acids and bases defined by?

  Chemical properties
• What gas do acids produce when they react with metals?

  Hydrogen
• What does a base taste like?

  Bitter