1.2.2 Group 1: Alkali Metals

• Francium is the most reactive alkali metal.


  True
• Alkali metals form +1 ions to achieve a stable electron configuration.

  True
• Alkali metals have low density and low melting points
• Match the alkali metal with its reaction product with water:

  Lithium ↔️ Lithium hydroxide

  Sodium ↔️ Sodium hydroxide

  Potassium ↔️ Potassium hydroxide
• What is the primary reason for the high reactivity of alkali metals?

  Single valence electron
• What is the characteristic outer electron configuration of alkali metals?

  s¹
• What ion is formed by lithium (Li) when it loses its valence electron?

  Li⁺
• The hardness of alkali metals decreases as you move down Group 1.


  True
• What gas is produced when alkali metals react with water?

  Hydrogen
• What happens to the ionization energy of alkali metals as you move down Group 1?

  Decreases
• The atomic number of lithium is 3
• The electron configuration of lithium is [He] 2s¹
• Arrange the alkali metals in order of increasing reactivity with water:

  1️⃣ Lithium

  2️⃣ Sodium

  3️⃣ Potassium
• The reactivity of alkali metals decreases down the group.

  False
• Match the alkali metal with the ion it forms:

  Lithium ↔️ Li⁺

  Sodium ↔️ Na⁺

  Potassium ↔️ K⁺
• The ease with which alkali metals lose their valence electron is a key factor in their high reactivity.

  True
• As you move down Group 1, the melting and boiling points decrease.
• Arrange the alkali metals in order of increasing reactivity:

  1️⃣ Lithium (Li)

  2️⃣ Sodium (Na)

  3️⃣ Potassium (K)
• The reactivity of alkali metals with water increases because the valence electron is further from the nucleus.


  True
• The reactivity of alkali metals increases because their atomic size increases down the group.


  True
• In which group of the periodic table are alkali metals located?

  Group 1
• What is the characteristic electron configuration of alkali metals?

  s¹
• What type of ion do alkali metals form when they lose their valence electron?

  +1 ion
• The melting point of alkali metals increases down the group.

  False
• Which alkali metal forms sodium peroxide when reacted with oxygen?

  Sodium
• When alkali metals lose their valence electron, they form +1 ions.
• Alkali metals form +1 ions to achieve a stable electron configuration.
• Match the alkali metal with its melting point in degrees Celsius:

  Lithium (Li) ↔️ 180.5

  Sodium (Na) ↔️ 97.8

  Potassium (K) ↔️ 63.5
• Why are alkali metals highly reactive?

  Ease of losing valence electron
• Potassium reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
• Sodium has an ionization energy of 496 kJ/mol.