3.3.13.3 Enzymes

• Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.


  True
• What type of molecule is an enzyme with a specific 3D shape?

  Protein
• Which enzyme class catalyzes isomerization reactions?

  Isomerases
• What is the primary function of the active site in an enzyme?

  Substrate binding
• What type of molecules are enzymes made of?

  Proteins
• Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions.


  True
• Enzymes have a specific 3D shape to bind substrates.


  True
• What is the region on an enzyme where the substrate binds called?

  Active site
• Enzymes are classified into six main groups based on the type of reaction they catalyze.
• Ligases catalyze bond-forming reactions using energy.
• Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions.
• The region on an enzyme where the substrate binds is called the active site.
• Which enzyme is an example of a hydrolase?

  Amylase
• What does the Induced Fit Model suggest about enzyme shape?

  It changes upon binding
• What happens to enzyme activity outside its optimal pH range?

  It decreases
• Why do enzymes exhibit specificity?

  Unique active site
• What type of molecule are enzymes primarily made of?

  Proteins
• What does the Induced Fit Model suggest about the enzyme's shape?

  It adjusts to fit
• In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the active site, preventing the substrate from binding
• Enzymes are used in biological assays to study biochemical pathways and cellular functions
• What are enzymes made of?

  Proteins
• Enzymes exhibit specificity due to their unique active site.
• Match the enzyme class with its description and example:

  Oxidoreductases ↔️ Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions (e.g., alcohol dehydrogenase)

  Transferases ↔️ Catalyze group transfer reactions (e.g., hexokinase)

  Hydrolases ↔️ Catalyze hydrolysis reactions (e.g., amylase)

  Lyases ↔️ Catalyze addition/removal of groups (e.g., carbonic anhydrase)
• The active site of an enzyme is the region where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.


  True
• The classification system for enzymes helps identify their specific function.


  True
• Order the six main classes of enzymes based on the reactions they catalyze.

  1️⃣ Oxidoreductases

  2️⃣ Transferases

  3️⃣ Hydrolases

  4️⃣ Lyases

  5️⃣ Isomerases

  6️⃣ Ligases
• Ligases catalyze bond-forming reactions.
• Match the enzyme-substrate binding model with its description.

  Lock and Key Model ↔️ Fixed 3D shape

  Induced Fit Model ↔️ Shape adjusts upon binding
• Substrate concentration affects enzyme activity up to a saturation point.


  True
• Enzymes are proteins with a specific 3D shape that allows them to bind to and catalyze specific substrates
• Match the enzyme class with its function:

  Oxidoreductases ↔️ Oxidation-reduction reactions

  Transferases ↔️ Group transfer reactions

  Hydrolases ↔️ Hydrolysis reactions
• The Lock and Key Model proposes that the enzyme has a fixed 3D shape that perfectly fits the substrate
• Arrange the factors affecting enzyme activity in order of their effect:

  1️⃣ Temperature increases enzyme activity up to an optimal point

  2️⃣ pH affects enzyme activity within an optimal range

  3️⃣ Substrate concentration increases activity up to saturation
• Non-competitive inhibition changes the enzyme's 3D shape by binding to a site other than the active site.


  True
• Enzyme activity increases with temperature up to an optimal point.
• Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.
• Ligases catalyze bond-forming reactions.


  True
• The region on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs is called the active site
• The Induced Fit Model suggests that the enzyme's shape changes when the substrate binds.

  True
• Enzyme activity decreases at temperatures above the optimal range due to denaturation.


  True