A metal is an element that typically has a shiny appearance, is a good conductor, and is both malleable and ductile
Steps to ensure safety during reactions between acids and metals
1️⃣ Wear safety goggles
2️⃣ Use a well-ventilated area
3️⃣ Handle acids carefully
4️⃣ Dispose of waste properly
Acids react with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas
What type of conductors are metals?
Excellent conductors
Match the type of acid with its examples:
Mineral Acid ↔️ Hydrochloric acid
Organic Acid ↔️ Acetic acid
Strong Acid ↔️ Sulfuric acid
Weak Acid ↔️ Carbonic acid
What is released by an acid when dissolved in water?
Hydrogen ions (H+)
Acids react with bases to form a salt and water.
True
Metals are malleable, meaning they can be hammered into thin sheets.
True
Which acids are considered strong acids?
Hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric
Which strong acids are commonly used in chemistry?
HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
When hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc, it produces hydrogen gas and zinc chloride
Which group of metals does not react with most acids?
Noble metals
Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
True
What is a key characteristic of metals regarding heat and electricity?
Good conductors
Many metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas
Order the metals based on their reactivity with acids from most to least reactive:
1️⃣ Alkali metals
2️⃣ Alkaline earth metals
3️⃣ Transition metals
4️⃣ Noble metals
When balancing a chemical equation for an acid-metal reaction, the coefficient of hydrogen gas is adjusted to match the number of hydrogen atoms in the acid
What protective equipment should be worn when conducting reactions between acids and metals?
Safety goggles, gloves, lab coat
Metals react with acids to form hydrogen gas and a metal salt
Noble metals like gold and platinum react with most acids to produce hydrogen gas
False
What determines the reactivity of a metal with acids?
Reactivity series
Metal ions formed during the reaction combine with the negative ions of the acid to form a metal salt
True
What is the definition of an acid in chemistry?
Releases hydrogen ions
When an acid reacts with a metal, it produces hydrogen gas and a metal salt
What is the characteristic taste of acids?
Sour
Metals have a lustrous and reflective surface.
What is the origin of mineral acids?
Inorganic compounds
Give examples of mineral acids.
HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
How do alkali metals react with acids?
Highly reactive, violently
How do alkaline earth metals react with acids?
Moderately reactive
What are the products when hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc?
Hydrogen gas and zinc chloride
Acids have a sour taste
Metals are malleable, meaning they can be hammered into thin sheets
What is an example of a strong acid?
Hydrochloric acid
What is the balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and zinc (Zn)?
2HCl + Zn → H₂ + ZnCl₂
Steps in the production of hydrogen gas during an acid-metal reaction
1️⃣ Metal loses electrons and becomes positively charged ions
2️⃣ Metal ions combine with negative ions of the acid to form a metal salt
3️⃣ Electrons released by the metal are transferred to hydrogen ions
4️⃣ Hydrogen atoms combine to form hydrogen gas (H2)
Acid should always be added to metal, not the other way around, to control the reaction rate
True
Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Alkali metals are highly reactive and react violently with acids
Steps to balance a chemical equation for an acid-metal reaction