3.3.14.2 Practical Techniques in Organic Chemistry

• Safety goggles in an organic chemistry lab are used to shield eyes from chemical splashes
• What does MSDS stand for in the context of organic chemistry labs?

  Material Safety Data Sheets
• Proper adherence to safety protocols in an organic chemistry lab minimizes the risk of accidents.


  True
• A reflux condenser condenses vapors and returns them to the reaction vessel.

  True
• What is a rotary evaporator used for in organic chemistry labs?

  Remove solvents under vacuum
• What is vacuum filtration typically used for in organic chemistry labs?

  Filtering fine precipitates
• Vacuum filtration is faster than gravity filtration


  True
• Match the filtration technique with its example:

  Gravity Filtration ↔️ Removing unreacted reactants

  Vacuum Filtration ↔️ Purifying crystal products
• What are three common recrystallization techniques?

  Simple, multiple, fractional
• What are three types of personal protective equipment (PPE) used in organic chemistry labs?

  Lab coats, goggles, gloves
• For chemical spills on skin, rinse thoroughly with water for 15 minutes.
• A rotary evaporator removes solvents under vacuum
• In simple recrystallization, the product is dissolved in a hot solvent
• What is the purpose of extraction in organic chemistry?

  Separate desired compound
• What equipment is used in vacuum filtration?

  Büchner funnel, vacuum pump
• Extraction is used to separate insoluble materials from a desired compound


  True
• Fractional distillation creates multiple stages of condensation and evaporation
• Fractional distillation uses a fractionating column to create multiple stages of condensation and evaporation.


  True
• During melting point determination, the temperature range is recorded when the substance starts and completes melting.

  True
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide information on chemical hazards and safe handling practices.


  True
• A reflux condenser is used to condense vapors back into the reaction mixture during heating.
• What is the purpose of lab coats in an organic chemistry lab?

  Protect clothing from spills
• Steps to follow in case of chemical burns in an organic chemistry lab:

  1️⃣ Cover with a sterile bandage

  2️⃣ Seek medical attention
• A separatory funnel is used to separate immiscible liquid layers.
• Match the lab equipment with its purpose:

  Round-bottom Flask ↔️ Contain and heat reaction mixtures

  Separatory Funnel ↔️ Separate immiscible liquid layers

  Reflux Condenser ↔️ Condense vapors and return to vessel

  Distillation Apparatus ↔️ Purify liquids by fractional distillation
• Match the filtration type with its characteristic:

  Gravity Filtration ↔️ Slower speed

  Vacuum Filtration ↔️ Higher efficiency
• Filtration is used to separate solids from liquids
• Vacuum filtration has a higher efficiency
• Steps in the crystallization process

  1️⃣ Dissolve product in hot solvent

  2️⃣ Cool the solution slowly

  3️⃣ Product crystallizes while impurities remain dissolved
• Recrystallization solvents should dissolve the target compound when hot but allow it to crystallize out when cooled

  True
• What document provides information on specific chemical hazards?

  Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
• A reflux condenser maintains constant volume during heating


  True
• Crystallization is a purification method used to separate a desired solid product from impurities
• Steps to achieve optimal crystal formation in recrystallization

  1️⃣ Dissolve product in hot solvent

  2️⃣ Cool the solution slowly

  3️⃣ Filter the crystals
• Gravity filtration is slower than vacuum filtration but effective for removing large, easily filtered solids
• Recrystallization involves dissolving the desired compound in a hot solvent
• What is the purpose of a fractionating column in fractional distillation?

  Improve separation of liquids
• Distillation is a purification technique used to separate liquids based on their differences in boiling points.
• To prepare a sample for melting point determination, a small amount of finely ground solid is packed into a capillary tube.
• Proper ventilation in an organic chemistry lab is ensured by using a fume hood.