7.1 Carbon compounds as fuels and feedstock

• Alkenes must have at least one double covalent bond.


  True
• Methane releases fewer greenhouse gases upon combustion
• Arrange the following properties of carbon compounds that make them suitable as fuels:

  1️⃣ High energy content

  2️⃣ Ease of ignition

  3️⃣ Release significant heat upon combustion
• Carbon compound fuels burn efficiently to produce heat and energy.


  True
• Arrange the outcomes of hydrocarbon combustion based on oxygen availability:

  1️⃣ Complete combustion: CO2, H2O, heat

  2️⃣ Incomplete combustion: CO, soot, H2O, less heat
• Combustion involves a reaction between a hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen.


  True
• What are key compounds in petrochemical feedstock?

  Methane, ethane, benzene
• Fuels are carbon compounds used to produce heat or power
• Carbon compounds release significant energy when they undergo combustion
• The combustion process releases heat energy and produces carbon dioxide and water
• Petrochemical feedstock are raw materials derived from crude oil and natural gas
• Match the process with its purpose in petrochemical feedstock transformation:

  Cracking ↔️ Breaking down large molecules

  Distillation ↔️ Separating compounds by boiling point

  Polymerization ↔️ Forming long chains of molecules
• Combustion is the primary process used to release energy from feedstock.

  False
• Which renewable energy source produces no greenhouse gas emissions?

  Solar energy
• Alkanes contain only carbon and hydrogen
• Why are carbon compounds suitable as fuels?

  High energy content
• What is the typical solubility of carbon compounds in water?

  Often insoluble
• Match the carbon compound fuel with its common use:

  Methane ↔️ Heating

  Propane ↔️ Cooking
• Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels requires oxygen
• Combustion is complete when there is sufficient oxygen
• Incomplete combustion produces carbon monoxide and soot
• Match the key compound with its product:

  Methane ↔️ Ammonia

  Ethane ↔️ Ethylene

  Benzene ↔️ Styrene
• What type of bonds do carbon compounds primarily form?

  Covalent bonds
• Match the fuel with its common use:

  Methane ↔️ Heating, power generation

  Propane ↔️ Cooking, camping stoves

  Butane ↔️ Lighters, portable stoves
• What are key carbon compounds in petrochemical feedstock?

  Methane, ethane, benzene
• Benzene is derived from natural gas.

  False
• Carbon compounds used as raw materials for manufacturing other products are called feedstock
• Burning carbon compound fuels releases carbon dioxide
• Match the sustainable feedstock with its source:

  Biomass ↔️ Agricultural waste

  Recycled plastics ↔️ Post-consumer waste

  CO2 capture ↔️ Industrial emissions
• What are carbon compounds characterized by?

  Carbon as primary element
• Match the type of carbon compound with its example:

  Alcohols ↔️ Ethanol

  Organic Acids ↔️ Acetic Acid
• Inorganic compounds mainly contain carbon as their primary element.

  False
• Methane has the chemical formula CH4
• What type of bonds allow carbon compounds to form diverse molecules?

  Covalent bonds
• What are petrochemical feedstock derived from?

  Crude oil and natural gas
• Steps to initiate combustion

  1️⃣ Apply ignition energy

  2️⃣ Break bonds in reactants

  3️⃣ Hydrocarbon combines with oxygen
• Cracking is a process used to transform feedstock compounds into valuable materials.


  True
• Feedstock are used as raw materials for chemical processing.

  True
• Carbon compounds are suitable as fuels due to their high energy content and ease of ignition.


  True
• Complete combustion requires sufficient oxygen to produce only CO2 and H2O.


  True