3.3.16.2 Types of Chromatography

• The stationary phase in chromatography is always a solid.

  False
• Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) uses a solid stationary phase on a thin plate
• The sample type in TLC is a liquid or soluble solid
• Steps in performing thin-layer chromatography (TLC)

  1️⃣ Prepare the TLC plate by coating it with a stationary phase

  2️⃣ Apply the sample to the plate

  3️⃣ Place the plate in a mobile phase

  4️⃣ Allow the mobile phase to move up the plate

  5️⃣ Remove the plate and dry it

  6️⃣ Detect the separated components
• Match the chromatographic phase with its description:

  Stationary phase ↔️ Solid or liquid supported on a solid that does not move

  Mobile phase ↔️ Liquid or gas that carries components through the stationary phase
• The stationary phase in TLC is typically made of silica gel or alumina
• In column chromatography, the mobile phase flows from the top of the column downwards.


  True
• Chromatography uses differential interactions of components with a stationary and a mobile phase for separation.


  True
• Match the chromatography type with its mobile phase:

  Thin-layer chromatography ↔️ Liquid

  Gas chromatography ↔️ Gas
• Match the type of column chromatography with its separation principle:

  Ion exchange chromatography ↔️ Charge interactions

  Size exclusion chromatography ↔️ Molecular size
• Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures based on the different interactions of their components with a stationary phase and a mobile phase
• Match the chromatography type with its mobile phase:

  Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) ↔️ Liquid

  Gas chromatography (GC) ↔️ Gas
• In GC, the mobile phase is a gas, and the stationary phase is solid or liquid in a column.


  True
• GC uses flame ionization or mass spectrometry for detection.


  True
• The mobile phase in TLC carries the components up the plate
• The mobile phase in TLC is a liquid solvent that carries components up the plate
• The stationary phase in TLC adsorbs the components, slowing their movement
• Match the type of column chromatography with its stationary phase:

  Adsorption chromatography ↔️ Solid adsorbent

  Ion exchange chromatography ↔️ Ion exchange resin

  Size exclusion chromatography ↔️ Porous gel
• The mobile phase in chromatography can be a liquid or a gas
• Order the types of column chromatography based on their separation principles:

  1️⃣ Adsorption chromatography

  2️⃣ Ion exchange chromatography

  3️⃣ Size exclusion chromatography
• Gas chromatography is used in the analysis of volatile substances in perfumes
• Chromatography separates mixtures based on their interactions with both a stationary and a mobile phase.


  True
• In TLC, the stationary phase is a solid on a plate, and the mobile phase is a liquid.


  True
• Detection in TLC can be performed using visual inspection or UV light.
• The stationary phase in TLC adsorbs the components, slowing their movement
• The stationary phase in TLC adsorbs components, slowing their movement
• What is the role of the mobile phase in TLC?

  Carries components up the plate
• Ion exchange chromatography separates components based on their charge
• What is the separation principle in gas chromatography?

  Partitioning between phases
• Which chromatography technique is suitable for non-volatile compounds?

  High-performance liquid chromatography
• The mobile phase in chromatography can be either a liquid or a gas
• Gas chromatography (GC) uses a gaseous mobile phase and a solid or liquid stationary phase in a column
• The separation principle in TLC is partitioning between phases.

  False
• In TLC, different components move up the plate at the same rate.

  False
• In TLC, the stationary phase is typically silica gel or alumina
• Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) uses a stationary phase coated on a thin plate and a mobile phase that moves over it.


  True
• What is the separation principle in adsorption chromatography?

  Affinity to adsorbent
• What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?

  Retards movement of components
• Gas chromatography is suitable for analyzing volatile samples.


  True
• Gas chromatography requires samples to be vaporized before analysis.


  True