3.3.16.3 Applications of Chromatography

• Chromatography is based on the interaction of substances with a mobile and a stationary phase.
• The stationary phase in Gas Chromatography (GC) can be liquid or solid.
• The choice between GC and LC depends on the properties of the sample components and the desired separation mechanism.


  True
• GC is more suitable for analyzing polar and non-volatile compounds.

  False
• What does the choice between Gas Chromatography (GC) and Liquid Chromatography (LC) depend on?

  Specific analytes and sample matrices
• Chromatography techniques enable effective monitoring and assessment of environmental quality.


  True
• GC-MS is commonly used to detect pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.


  True
• Chromatography techniques ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of pharmaceutical products.

  True
• The mobile phase in chromatography is a liquid or gas
• What is the typical stationary phase in Liquid Chromatography (LC)?

  Solid
• GC is better suited for analyzing non-volatile compounds.

  False
• What are two primary applications of chromatography techniques in environmental monitoring?

  Air and water quality
• What determines the choice between GC and LC in food safety analysis?

  Target analyte properties
• LC-MS is used to quantify protein-based biopharmaceuticals in formulations.


  True
• Enhanced detection methods are being developed to improve the sensitivity of chromatography techniques.


  True
• What is the purpose of chromatography?

  To separate and identify substances
• What type of mobile phase is used in Gas Chromatography (GC)?

  Gas
• What type of compounds is Gas Chromatography (GC) best suited for analyzing?

  Volatile organic compounds
• What is the mobile phase in Liquid Chromatography (LC)?

  Liquid
• Liquid Chromatography (LC) is used in water quality monitoring to analyze polar and non-volatile compounds.
• In air quality monitoring, GC is used to analyze volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and other airborne pollutants
• In food safety, GC is used to analyze volatile pesticides in fruits and vegetables
• In pharmaceutical analysis, GC is used for compounds that are gaseous or easily vaporized
• What is the fundamental principle of chromatography?

  Separation based on interaction
• In GC, the mobile phase is a gas, while in LC, it is a liquid.


  True
• Match the separation mechanism with the corresponding chromatography technique:

  GC ↔️ Partitioning between phases

  LC ↔️ Adsorption, ion exchange, size exclusion
• Chromatography is used in environmental monitoring to analyze air, water, and soil
• Chromatography techniques provide sensitive and selective analysis of environmental contaminants.


  True
• What two chromatography techniques are paired with mass spectrometry to detect contaminants in food?

  GC-MS and LC-MS
• What are three limitations of chromatography techniques?

  Sensitivity, speed, and cost
• Components with greater affinity to the stationary phase move faster through the column.

  False
• Match the separation mechanism with the chromatography type:

  Partitioning ↔️ Gas Chromatography (GC)

  Adsorption ↔️ Liquid Chromatography (LC)
• Components with greater affinity to the stationary phase move more slowly.
• Match the environmental monitoring application with the chromatography technique:

  Air Quality Monitoring ↔️ Gas Chromatography (GC)

  Water Quality Monitoring ↔️ Liquid Chromatography (LC)
• What is the primary goal of chromatography in food safety analysis?

  Detect and quantify contaminants
• Which chromatography technique is used to analyze mycotoxins in grains and cereals?

  LC-MS
• What type of pharmaceuticals are typically analyzed using LC in pharmaceutical analysis?

  Non-volatile drug compounds
• Match the phase with its function in chromatography:

  Mobile Phase ↔️ Transports components of the mixture

  Stationary Phase ↔️ Retains components based on attraction
• In Gas Chromatography (GC), the sample state must be gaseous or easily vaporized
• What type of pollutants are analyzed in air quality monitoring using GC?

  Volatile organic compounds