2.3.2 Geological Resources

• Metallic resources are minerals containing metals like iron, copper, gold, and aluminum
• Match the type of geological resource with its example:

  Metallic ↔️ Copper

  Non-metallic ↔️ Limestone

  Energy ↔️ Coal
• The economic value of metallic resources is generally higher
• Order the geological processes that form resources:

  1️⃣ Volcanism

  2️⃣ Sedimentation

  3️⃣ Tectonic Plate Movements
• Plate boundaries are common sites for resource formation
• Why is the distribution of geological resources uneven across the Earth's surface?

  Geological events vary regionally
• What type of fossil fuel is created through the sedimentation process?

  Coal
• Tectonic plate boundaries are common sites for resource formation.


  True
• Metallic resources are valuable for their unique physical and chemical properties
• Geothermal energy is categorized as an energy resource.


  True
• Non-metallic resources such as limestone are used for building materials
• What role do geological processes play in the distribution of resources?

  Concentration depends on geological history
• Tectonic plate movements can concentrate mineral deposits.


  True
• What is responsible extraction in the context of geological resources?

  Environmentally-friendly mining practices
• What is one major environmental impact of mining activities?

  Land degradation
• What is one environmental impact of mining activities mentioned in the text?

  Habitat destruction
• Dust, particulates, and gaseous emissions from mining contribute to air pollution
• Match the sustainable extraction practice with its purpose:

  Selective mining ↔️ Reduces land disturbance

  Water treatment and recycling ↔️ Limits water pollution
• What is one way to reduce the environmental footprint of geological resource extraction?

  Proper land reclamation
• Chilean mining companies use selective mining to minimize land disturbance.


  True
• Match the REE recycling initiative with its description:

  Urban Mining ↔️ Recovering REEs from discarded electronics

  Improved Recycling ↔️ Advanced sorting and processing techniques
• What has Japan achieved by focusing on REE recycling?

  Reduced reliance on imports
• What is the definition of geological resources?

  Materials in the lithosphere
• Non-metallic resources include limestone, sand, and clay.


  True
• What are the economic applications of metallic resources?

  Construction, electronics, machinery
• Metallic resources are found only in specific regions due to geological processes.


  True
• What type of geological resource is formed by volcanic activity?

  Metallic
• The uneven distribution of geological resources is primarily due to varied regional geological events.


  True
• Volcanic activity deposits valuable metals near volcanic vents and underground magma chambers
• Match the type of geological resource with its description:

  Metallic resources ↔️ Minerals containing metals

  Non-metallic resources ↔️ Minerals without metallic properties

  Energy resources ↔️ Fossil fuels and geothermal energy
• What are two examples of non-metallic resources?

  Limestone and sand
• What are three examples of metallic resources?

  Copper, gold, aluminum
• Geological resources are evenly distributed across the Earth's surface.

  False
• The accessibility of geological resources depends on how easily they can be reached and extracted
• Recycling metals like copper can reduce the need for new mining
• Recycling rare earth metals from electronic waste helps conserve resources.

  True
• Mining can contaminate water sources with heavy metals and chemicals
• Mining activities can contaminate water sources with heavy metals and chemicals.


  True
• Which type of emissions from fossil fuels contribute to climate change?

  Greenhouse gases
• Steps to minimize the environmental impacts of mining activities:

  1️⃣ Selective mining

  2️⃣ Water treatment and recycling

  3️⃣ Emissions controls and energy efficiency

  4️⃣ Proper land reclamation and habitat restoration