C2.1.2 Methods of Separation

• In filtration, the liquid that passes through the filter paper is called the filtrate
• Give an example of filtration.

  Purifying water
• Crystallization separates a solid from a liquid by forming crystals.


  True
• Distillation is commonly used to purify liquids like water
• What are the key steps in crystallization?

  Evaporating liquid
• Which method separates an insoluble solid from a liquid?

  Filtration
• Simple distillation separates a liquid from non-volatile components by heating and condensing
• Simple distillation separates liquids from non-volatile components.


  True
• Fractional distillation uses a fractionating column to separate liquids with different boiling points.


  True
• What is the principle of chromatography?

  Different affinities for stationary phase
• In paper chromatography, the stationary phase is paper.
• Filtration is used in water treatment plants to purify water.
• Crystallisation separates a solid from a liquid by forming crystals.
• What is the main purpose of distillation?

  Separate liquid from mixture
• Distillation is used to purify water or separate alcohol from water.

  True
• Distillation is a method used to separate a liquid from a mixture by heating to evaporate
• What is the final product of crystallization?

  Solid crystals
• Match the method with its separation target:

  Simple Distillation ↔️ Liquid and non-volatile components

  Filtration ↔️ Insoluble solid and liquid

  Crystallization ↔️ Solid and liquid
• Fractional distillation is used to separate liquids with different boiling points
• What is a common use of fractional distillation?

  Separating crude oil
• Chromatography is a separation technique used to isolate components of a mixture by passing it through a stationary phase
• Evaporation occurs only at the boiling point of a liquid.

  False
• What is an example of evaporation?

  Water drying on a surface
• Match the separation method with its key equipment:

  Filtration ↔️ Filter paper, funnel

  Distillation ↔️ Distillation apparatus

  Fractional Distillation ↔️ Fractionating column
• Chromatography uses a stationary phase to separate mixtures.


  True
• What is filtration used to separate?

  Insoluble solid from liquid
• The residue in filtration is the solid that remains on the filter paper.


  True
• Crystallization involves slowly evaporating the liquid to leave behind the solid in the form of crystals
• What are the two main steps in distillation?

  Evaporation and condensation
• Distillation separates a liquid from non-volatile components by heating and condensing.


  True
• Forming sugar crystals from sugar solutions is an example of crystallization
• Simple distillation is used to separate a liquid from non-volatile components.


  True
• Simple distillation involves heating the mixture to evaporate the liquid, then condensing the vapor back into a liquid.
• What is the key difference between simple and fractional distillation?

  Fractionating column
• Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into its components or to produce pure alcohol.
• Chromatography uses a stationary phase to separate mixture components.

  True
• What is filtration used to separate?

  Insoluble solid and liquid
• What is the key step in crystallisation?

  Evaporating the liquid
• Salt crystals can be formed from brine using crystallisation.


  True
• Distillation involves heating the mixture to evaporate the liquid, then condensing the vapor.