1.3 The development of the model of the atom

• Who proposed Dalton's Atomic Theory?

  John Dalton
• Dalton's Atomic Theory states that all matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles called atoms.


  True
• Arrange the atomic models in chronological order of their development:

  1️⃣ Dalton's Atomic Theory

  2️⃣ Thomson's Plum Pudding Model

  3️⃣ Rutherford's Nuclear Model

  4️⃣ Bohr's Model

  5️⃣ Quantum Mechanical Model
• The Plum Pudding Model proposed that atoms contain negatively charged electrons
• The Plum Pudding Model correctly described the divisibility of atoms.


  True
• What did the Plum Pudding Model propose about the electrical charge of atoms?

  Neutral due to balanced charges
• Atoms of the same element are identical according to Dalton's Atomic Theory.


  True
• Atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds according to Dalton's Atomic Theory.

  True
• Match the aspect of matter with Dalton's Atomic Theory:

  Composition of Matter ↔️ Atoms as indivisible building blocks

  Differences between Elements ↔️ Atoms of different elements have unique properties

  Chemical Reactions ↔️ Atoms combine in simple ratios
• Dalton's Atomic Theory states that atoms of different elements have different properties
• Thomson's Plum Pudding Model proposed that atoms contain negatively charged electrons.


  True
• Why is the atom electrically neutral in Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

  Balanced positive and negative charges
• What limitation of Dalton's Atomic Theory did Thomson's Plum Pudding Model address?

  Atoms are indivisible
• What was the key discovery from Rutherford's gold foil experiment?

  Dense, positively charged nucleus
• In Rutherford's Nuclear Model, electrons orbit the nucleus at a relatively large distance
• Match the feature with the correct atomic model:

  Atom Structure in Thomson's Model ↔️ Electrons embedded in a positive sphere

  Charge Distribution in Rutherford's Model ↔️ Concentrated positive charge in the nucleus

  Electron Orbit in Rutherford's Model ↔️ Electrons orbit the nucleus
• Rutherford's Nuclear Model was based on the famous gold foil experiment.
• Order the atomic models in chronological order of their development.

  1️⃣ Thomson's Plum Pudding Model

  2️⃣ Rutherford's Nuclear Model

  3️⃣ Bohr's Model

  4️⃣ Quantum Mechanical Model
• In Rutherford's Nuclear Model, electrons orbit the nucleus at a relatively large distance.
• In Bohr's Model, electrons can only occupy specific, quantized energy levels.


  True
• Bohr's Model states that electrons occupy specific, quantized energy levels.
• Match the electron behavior with the atomic model that describes it:

  Electrons orbit at arbitrary distances ↔️ Rutherford's Nuclear Model

  Electrons jump between energy levels ↔️ Bohr's Model

  Electrons occupy three-dimensional orbitals ↔️ Quantum Mechanical Model
• In the Quantum Mechanical Model, electrons have fixed orbits like planets around the sun.

  False
• Rutherford's model is known as the nuclear model.
• Match the principles of Dalton's Atomic Theory with their descriptions:

  All matter is made up of atoms ↔️ Tiny, indivisible particles

  Atoms of the same element are identical ↔️ Unique properties for each element

  Atoms cannot be created or destroyed ↔️ Conservation of matter

  Atoms combine in whole-number ratios ↔️ Formation of compounds
• What is the key feature of Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

  Electrons in a positive sphere
• What makes the atom electrically neutral in the Plum Pudding Model?

  Balance of positive and negative charges
• Match the features of the atomic models with their descriptions:

  Dalton's Atomic Theory ↔️ Indivisible atoms

  Thomson's Plum Pudding Model ↔️ Electrons in a positive sphere
• Dalton's Atomic Theory states that all matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles called atoms
• Dalton's Atomic Theory states that atoms cannot be created, divided, or destroyed
• What was the key improvement of Dalton's Atomic Theory over previous models?

  More detailed explanation
• Dalton's Atomic Theory correctly assumed that atoms are indivisible.

  False
• What was the main idea behind Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

  Atoms are divisible
• Thomson's Plum Pudding Model suggested that electrons are embedded in a positively charged sphere
• Match the feature with the correct atomic model:

  Atom Structure in Dalton's Model ↔️ Atoms are solid, uniform spheres

  Atom Divisibility in Thomson's Model ↔️ Atoms are divisible

  Electrical Charge in Dalton's Model ↔️ Atoms are neutral

  Electron Position in Thomson's Model ↔️ Embedded in a positive sphere
• Thomson's Plum Pudding Model states that atoms contain negatively charged electrons
• Rutherford's Nuclear Model proposed that most of the atom's mass is concentrated in its nucleus.


  True
• What type of space makes up most of the atom's volume in Rutherford's model?

  Empty space
• What is the structure of the atom in Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

  Electrons in a positively charged sphere
• Rutherford's Nuclear Model states that the nucleus contains most of the atom's mass and positive charge.


  True