C7.1.4 PAG4: Titrations

• What is a titration used to determine?

  Concentration of a substance
• Titration is essential for providing highly accurate concentration measurements.


  True
• Match the method with its use, precision, and cost:

  Titration ↔️ Determines analyte concentration, High precision, Moderate cost

  Spectrophotometry ↔️ Measures light absorption, High precision, High cost

  Gravimetry ↔️ Measures mass of precipitate, Very High precision, Moderate cost
• The reaction in a titration stops when the equivalence point is indicated by an indicator
• Steps in the titration process

  1️⃣ Prepare a known concentration of the titrant

  2️⃣ React the titrant with the analyte in a burette

  3️⃣ Add an indicator

  4️⃣ Stop the titration at the endpoint

  5️⃣ Calculate the analyte concentration
• What type of titration involves a metal ion and a complexing agent?

  Complexometric
• A burette is used to deliver the titrant in a titration.


  True
• What does an indicator signal in a titration?

  Equivalence point
• Titration techniques allow for highly precise determination of analyte concentrations.


  True
• What type of reaction occurs in a redox titration?

  Oxidizing and reducing
• Match the titration apparatus with its purpose:

  Burette ↔️ Delivers titrant of known concentration

  Pipette ↔️ Measures volume of analyte solution

  Conical flask ↔️ Contains the analyte solution

  Indicator ↔️ Signals the equivalence point
• Standard solutions are essential for accurate quantitative analysis in chemistry


  True
• Parts per million (ppm) is calculated using the mass of solute per million parts of the solution


  True
• What should be used to avoid inhaling volatile or hazardous chemicals during a titration?

  Fume hood
• An indicator in a titration changes color at the equivalence point
• Titration is a highly precise method for determining analyte concentration

  True
• Steps to prepare a standard solution

  1️⃣ Calculate the mass of solute needed

  2️⃣ Dissolve the solute in distilled water

  3️⃣ Transfer the solution to a volumetric flask

  4️⃣ Add distilled water up to the calibration mark

  5️⃣ Mix thoroughly by inverting the flask
• What formula is used to calculate the mass of solute needed to prepare a standard solution?

  mass = molar mass × desired concentration × volume</latex>
• Match the method to express concentration with its formula:

  Molarity ↔️ $M =$$\frac{\text{moles}}{\text{volume (L)}}$

  Percentage Concentration ↔️ $\% =$$\frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{mass of solution}} \times 100$

  Parts Per Million ↔️ $\text{ppm} =$$\frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{mass of solution}} \times 10^{6}$
• Wearing safety glasses and gloves is essential when carrying out a titration safely


  True
• What type of protective equipment should be worn when diluting strong acids or bases?

  Full protective gear
• What is the formula to calculate the molarity of the analyte in a titration?

  $M_{A} =$$\frac{M_{T} \times V_{T}}{V_{A}}$
• To minimize parallax error in a burette reading, the reading should be taken at eye level
• In a titration, the substance with a known concentration is called the titrant
• Steps in the titration process

  1️⃣ Prepare a known concentration of the titrant

  2️⃣ React the titrant with the analyte in a burette

  3️⃣ Add an indicator

  4️⃣ Stop the titration at the endpoint

  5️⃣ Calculate the analyte concentration
• What signal indicates the end of a titration?

  Color change
• Titration is essential for various chemical analyses.


  True
• Match the method with its use, precision, and cost:

  Titration ↔️ Determines analyte concentration, High precision, Moderate cost

  Spectrophotometry ↔️ Measures light absorption, High precision, High cost

  Gravimetry ↔️ Measures mass of precipitate, Very High precision, Moderate cost
• In an acid-base titration, a reaction occurs between an acid and a base
• Match the apparatus with its use in a titration:

  Burette ↔️ Delivers the titrant of known concentration

  Pipette ↔️ Measures the volume of the analyte solution

  Conical flask ↔️ Contains the analyte solution

  Indicator ↔️ Changes color at the equivalence point
• The endpoint in a titration is reached when the indicator changes color.
• The reaction between an acid and a base is called an acid-base titration
• A complexometric titration involves the reaction between a metal ion and a complexing agent
• Steps to prepare a standard solution:

  1️⃣ Calculate the mass of solute needed

  2️⃣ Dissolve the solute in a beaker

  3️⃣ Transfer the solution to a volumetric flask

  4️⃣ Add distilled water up to the calibration mark

  5️⃣ Mix thoroughly by inverting the flask
• Molarity is expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution
• When carrying out a titration, protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and lab coats should be worn
• Steps of the titration process:

  1️⃣ Prepare the titrant with known concentration

  2️⃣ React the titrant with the analyte in a burette

  3️⃣ Add an indicator

  4️⃣ Stop the titration at the endpoint

  5️⃣ Calculate the analyte concentration
• Match the titration method with its description:

  Titration ↔️ Determines analyte concentration

  Spectrophotometry ↔️ Measures light absorption

  Gravimetry ↔️ Measures mass of precipitate
• What is a standard solution defined as?

  Precise concentration of solute
• A standard solution is prepared by dissolving an exact amount of solute in a known volume of solvent


  True