4.2.1 Reactions of acids with metals

• What ions do acids produce when dissolved in water?

  Hydrogen ions (H+)
• What do acids form when they react with bases?

  Salt and water
• Acids have a pH value less than 7
• Match the metal with its reactivity description:

  Magnesium (Mg) ↔️ Very reactive; reacts rapidly with dilute acids

  Iron (Fe) ↔️ Reacts with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid

  Aluminum (Al) ↔️ Reacts with acids to form salts and hydrogen gas
• Acids react with bases to form salts and water
• What is the pH of acids?

  Less than 7
• Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc to form zinc chloride and hydrogen gas
• Steps of a displacement reaction in acid-metal reactions:

  1️⃣ More reactive metal donates electrons to H+ ions

  2️⃣ Hydrogen ions form hydrogen gas

  3️⃣ Metal salt is formed
• What are the products of the reaction between magnesium and sulfuric acid?

  Magnesium sulfate and hydrogen gas
• Magnesium reacts more slowly with dilute acids compared to zinc.

  False
• Which two metals are most likely to displace hydrogen from acids due to their high reactivity?

  Zinc and magnesium
• The reaction between a metal and an acid always produces hydrogen gas.

  True
• Magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid to form magnesium sulfate and hydrogen gas.
• What is the name of the series that ranks metals from most to least reactive?

  Reactivity series
• Acids react with metals to produce hydrogen gas
• Acids are good conductors of electricity.


  True
• Which metal is highly reactive and produces hydrogen gas readily with acids?

  Zinc (Zn)
• What is the taste of acids?

  Sour
• Acids conduct electricity because of hydrogen ions.


  True
• What are the products of the general reaction between acids and metals?

  Salt and hydrogen gas
• Which salt is formed when sulfuric acid reacts with magnesium?

  Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)
• What are the products of the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid?

  Zinc chloride and hydrogen gas
• What gas is produced when zinc reacts with acids?

  Hydrogen gas
• Zinc is highly reactive and readily produces hydrogen gas when reacting with acids
• Match the metal with its reactivity with acids:

  Zinc ↔️ Highly reactive

  Magnesium ↔️ Very reactive

  Iron ↔️ Reacts with hydrochloric acid

  Aluminum ↔️ Forms salts with acids
• The general reaction between acids and metals forms a salt and hydrogen gas.
• What are the products when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  Zinc chloride and hydrogen gas
• A displacement reaction occurs when a less reactive metal replaces hydrogen in an acid.

  False
• When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, it replaces hydrogen to form zinc chloride.
• Match the safety precaution with the substance requiring it:

  Acids ↔️ Wear eye protection and gloves

  Metals ↔️ Use proper tools to handle

  Gases ↔️ Ensure well-ventilated area
• Acids taste sweet and react with metals to produce oxygen gas.

  False
• Acids have a sour taste.

  True
• What is the pH range of acids?

  Less than 7
• Which metal is highly reactive and readily produces hydrogen gas with acids?

  Zinc
• The reactivity of metals depends on their position in the reactivity series.


  True
• Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc to form zinc chloride and hydrogen gas.
• Steps of a displacement reaction

  1️⃣ A more reactive metal replaces hydrogen in an acid

  2️⃣ The metal donates electrons to hydrogen ions

  3️⃣ Hydrogen gas is formed

  4️⃣ A metal salt is produced
• In the reaction between hydrochloric acid and zinc, the products are zinc chloride and hydrogen gas.
• In a displacement reaction, a more reactive metal donates electrons to hydrogen ions
• What gas is formed in a displacement reaction involving an acid and a metal?

  Hydrogen gas