5.7.4 Anaerobic respiration

• Anaerobic respiration contrasts with aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen
• How much ATP is produced in anaerobic respiration?

  2 ATP
• Most eukaryotic cells perform anaerobic respiration.

  False
• Aerobic respiration produces significantly more ATP than anaerobic respiration.
• Which organisms commonly perform aerobic respiration?

  Most eukaryotic cells
• Order the types of anaerobic respiration by their end products

  1️⃣ Lactic acid fermentation

  2️⃣ Alcoholic fermentation
• Which organisms perform lactic acid fermentation?

  Muscle cells, some bacteria
• What is the substrate for both types of anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose
• Anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic
• Which organisms use lactic acid fermentation?

  Muscle cells, some bacteria
• What is the substrate for both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation?

  Glucose
• Glycolysis requires oxygen.

  False
• In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide
• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen.


  True
• Carbon dioxide and water are end products of aerobic
• Which organism is primarily associated with alcoholic fermentation?

  Yeast
• Why does lactic acid fermentation occur in animal muscle cells?

  Insufficient oxygen
• In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid, which regenerates NAD+
• Match the purpose, starting material, end product, and oxygen requirement of lactic acid fermentation:

  Purpose ↔️ Regenerate NAD+

  Starting Material ↔️ Pyruvate

  End Product ↔️ Lactic acid

  Oxygen Requirement ↔️ None
• In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide
• Match the characteristics with the type of fermentation:

  Organisms ↔️ Yeast ||| Muscle cells

  End Products ↔️ Ethanol and CO2 ||| Lactic acid

  Uses ↔️ Bread, beer, wine ||| Intense exercise
• Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen
• Order the steps in anaerobic respiration during intense exercise:

  1️⃣ Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate

  2️⃣ In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid

  3️⃣ Lactic acid is transported to the liver

  4️⃣ Lactic acid is converted back to glucose or glycogen
• Anaerobic respiration enables organisms to survive and supports important industrial processes.
• What is anaerobic respiration defined as?

  Produces energy without oxygen
• Anaerobic respiration requires oxygen.

  False
• The end products of anaerobic respiration are lactic acid or ethanol
• What is the oxygen requirement for aerobic respiration?

  Requires oxygen
• Carbon dioxide is a waste product of anaerobic respiration.

  True
• Match the type of anaerobic respiration with its primary end product:

  Lactic Acid Fermentation ↔️ Lactic acid

  Alcoholic Fermentation ↔️ Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• In alcoholic fermentation, carbon dioxide is produced along with ethanol
• Ethanol is used in the production of beer and wine.


  True
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Energy production without oxygen
• Types of anaerobic respiration in order of their common names

  1️⃣ Lactic acid fermentation

  2️⃣ Alcoholic fermentation
• Ethanol and carbon dioxide are end products of alcoholic fermentation.

  True
• Glycolysis is the first stage of anaerobic respiration, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate
• What are the end products of alcoholic fermentation?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is the primary difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

  Oxygen requirement
• How many ATP molecules are produced in anaerobic respiration?

  2 ATP
• What are the end products of lactic acid fermentation?

  Lactic acid