4.3.2 Applications

• Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) uses radioactive tracers that emit gamma rays to create images of the body.


  True
• What is the goal of using radioactive materials in cancer treatment?

  Destroy cancer cells
• What is the primary purpose of radioactive materials in medical diagnostics?

  Imaging internal structures
• What does Radioimmunoassay (RIA) detect in the body?

  Hormones or drugs
• In brachytherapy, radioactive implants are placed directly inside or next to the tumor
• What type of radiation is emitted by the radioactive tracers used in PET scans?

  Positrons
• Density gauges measure the density of substances like soil and concrete
• PET scans use radioactive tracers that emit positrons
• Positron Emission Tomography (PET) uses radioactive tracers that emit positrons
• Radioimmunoassay (RIA) uses radioactive labeling to detect small quantities of substances in the body.


  True
• Radioactive diagnostic techniques are non-invasive and aid in early disease detection.

  True
• External Beam Radiation Therapy uses a high-energy beam of radiation from outside the body.
• Radioactive tracers in research can be used to study metabolic pathways and reaction kinetics.

  True
• In Positron Emission Tomography (PET), radioactive tracers emit positrons
• Steps in using radioactive materials for medical diagnostics

  1️⃣ Radioactive tracer is administered

  2️⃣ Tracer emits radiation

  3️⃣ Radiation is detected by imaging equipment

  4️⃣ 3D or 2D images are created

  5️⃣ Doctors analyze images for abnormalities
• External beam radiation therapy uses a beam of high-energy radiation from outside the body to target cancer cells.


  True
• In SPECT, radioactive tracers emit gamma rays
• Gamma rays are used in food preservation to kill bacteria and prolong shelf life.


  True
• Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) uses radioactive tracers that emit gamma rays
• Positron Emission Tomography (PET) creates 3D images of the body.
• Order the medical diagnostic applications based on the type of radiation they detect:

  1️⃣ Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

  2️⃣ Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

  3️⃣ Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
• Ionizing radiation in cancer treatment aims to selectively kill cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue.


  True
• In food preservation, gamma rays kill bacteria, insects, and parasites to prolong shelf life.
• Radioactive isotopes in agriculture destroy microorganisms to enhance food safety and quality.


  True
• Carbon-14 is used in carbon dating to determine the age of organic materials.
• Radioactive tracers are added to water sources to study water movement and detect contamination.
• Match the cancer treatment method with its description:

  Brachytherapy ↔️ Radioactive implants deliver targeted radiation

  External Beam Therapy ↔️ High-energy beam targets tumor from outside
• What do thickness gauges measure using radioactive isotopes?

  Material thickness
• What is the advantage of using gamma rays to sterilize seeds in agriculture?

  Reduces disease incidence
• What type of images do PET scans create of the body?

  3D images
• Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) creates 2D or 3D images of the body.
• Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive implants directly inside or next to the tumor.
• Match the industrial application with its description:

  Thickness Gauges ↔️ Measure material thickness using radiation penetration

  Density Gauges ↔️ Measure substance density using radiation penetration
• Gamma rays sterilize seeds and plants to prevent diseases and enhance germination rates.
• Match the environmental application with its radioactive material:

  Carbon Dating ↔️ Carbon-14

  Water Monitoring ↔️ Radioactive Tracers