7.2 Economic Sectors and Patterns

• What are the five main economic sectors?

  Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, quinary
• The distribution of economic sectors globally is uniform across all regions.

  False
• Technology plays a significant role in economic sector shifts
• What do case studies of countries with different economic sector dominance help illustrate?

  Regional specialization
• What are examples of activities in the primary sector?

  Agriculture, mining, fishing, forestry
• Which sector involves top-level management and decision-making?

  Quinary
• The primary sector involves the extraction and production of raw materials
• What is the term for shifts in economic sector proportions over time?

  Sectoral changes
• Globalization has no spatial impact on economic sectors.

  False
• Government policies can affect economic sector development
• The tertiary sector focuses on the provision of services
• The five economic sectors represent stages of economic activity from natural resource extraction to advanced knowledge-based services.


  True
• The distribution of economic sectors globally is solely influenced by industrial policies.

  False
• The quaternary sector is often centered in major cities and technology hubs
• What is an example of a region where the tertiary and quaternary sectors thrive?

  North America
• Each economic sector plays a unique role in the economy and represents a different stage of economic activity.


  True
• The secondary sector is prominent in emerging economies like China, India, and Brazil due to industrial policies and availability of labor.

  True
• The quaternary sector is centered in major cities and technology hubs like Silicon Valley
• Arrange the proportions of economic sectors from pre-industrial to post-industrial stages:

  1️⃣ Pre-Industrial: Primary Dominant

  2️⃣ Industrial: Primary Declining

  3️⃣ Industrial: Secondary Increasing

  4️⃣ Industrial: Tertiary Increasing

  5️⃣ Post-Industrial: Primary Smallest

  6️⃣ Post-Industrial: Secondary Declining

  7️⃣ Post-Industrial: Tertiary Largest
• The primary sector becomes the smallest part of the overall economy in a post-industrial society.


  True
• Technological advancements have enabled the growth of the quaternary sector
• Technological advancements have shifted economies away from primary and secondary sectors towards tertiary and quaternary sectors.


  True
• The quinary sector includes government, high-level business executives, and scientists
• Manufacturing and processing of goods are characteristics of the secondary sector.


  True
• Knowledge-based services are associated with the quaternary sector.
• What do the five economic sectors represent?

  Stages of economic activity
• Regions with abundant natural resources often specialize in primary sector activities.


  True
• The secondary sector thrives where there is a large, skilled workforce available.
• What happens to economic sector proportions as economies develop?

  Shift in proportions
• In post-industrial economies, the primary sector becomes the smallest proportion of the economy.
• What is a cluster in economic geography?

  Concentration of similar firms
• Which spatial pattern is associated with oil extraction in the Niger River Delta?

  Resource-based localization
• Which economic sector has grown due to technological advancements?

  Quaternary
• Technological advancements have enabled economies to shift towards knowledge-intensive sectors.


  True
• Specialized services such as finance and research remain concentrated in developed regions.
• Order the changes in primary sector distribution from pre-globalization to post-globalization:

  1️⃣ Pre-Globalization: Evenly distributed

  2️⃣ Post-Globalization: Concentrated in resource-rich regions
• Countries focus on exporting goods and services where they have a comparative advantage.
• Where did secondary industries largely concentrate pre-globalization?

  Developed countries
• Manufacturing activities have relocated to developing countries due to lower labor costs.

  True
• Match the country with its primary sector activity:

  Brazil ↔️ Agriculture and mining

  Germany ↔️ Small-scale agriculture

  Kenya ↔️ Tea, coffee, and minerals

  United States ↔️ Small-scale farming