3.5.2 Dynamic equilibrium

• In dynamic equilibrium, the key phrase is "Rate of forward reaction equals rate of reverse reaction
• What is the direction of the forward reaction in dynamic equilibrium?

  Reactants to Products
• What happens to the concentrations of reactants and products at dynamic equilibrium?

  No net change
• The equilibrium constant is denoted by the letter K
• A large value of K indicates that the reaction favors the products at equilibrium.


  True
• Ordering the key processes in dynamic equilibrium

  1️⃣ Forward reaction rate equals reverse reaction rate

  2️⃣ No net change in concentrations

  3️⃣ Reactants convert to products at same rate products revert to reactants
• Dynamic equilibrium is a state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, leading to no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products.forward
• Match the direction of the reaction with its corresponding process:

  Forward Reaction ↔️ Reactants to Products

  Reverse Reaction ↔️ Products to Reactants
• The equilibrium constant, denoted as K, is a quantitative measure of the position of chemical equilibrium
• What is the equilibrium constant related to in terms of reaction rates?

  Ratio of rate constants
• What effect does high temperature have on the Haber-Bosch process?

  Decreases ammonia yield
• What type of equilibrium does a hanging object represent?

  Static equilibrium
• Dynamic equilibrium is a state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the concentrations
• Double arrows in a diagram indicate that both forward and reverse reactions are occurring simultaneously at the same rate.


  True
• The forward reaction in the equilibrium N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) ⇌ 2NH₃ (g) forms ammonia.


  True
• In dynamic equilibrium, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are constant.


  True
• What does the equilibrium constant (K) measure in a chemical equilibrium?

  Position of equilibrium
• Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
• In the equilibrium A + B ⇌ C + D, both reactions maintain constant concentrations of reactants and products.


  True
• What is the equilibrium constant related to at equilibrium?

  Forward and reverse rates
• In dynamic equilibrium, both forward and reverse reactions occur simultaneously at the same speed.

  True
• What remains constant in dynamic equilibrium over time?

  Concentrations of reactants and products
• A large value of K indicates that the reaction favors the products.


  True
• Order the effects of temperature, pressure, and catalysts on dynamic equilibrium:

  1️⃣ Temperature shifts equilibrium according to endothermic or exothermic changes

  2️⃣ Pressure shifts equilibrium based on gas molecules

  3️⃣ Catalysts speed up reactions without changing equilibrium position
• In the Haber-Bosch process, high pressure favors ammonia production.
• Dynamic equilibrium maintains constant concentrations of reactants and products because forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates.


  True