4.3.4 Electrolysis of aqueous solutions

• Ionic compounds in aqueous solutions break apart into ions
• Electrolysis requires ions to conduct electricity

  True
• A molten electrolyte is defined as an ionic compound melted by heat
• Aqueous electrolytes contain only cations and anions

  False
• What is electrolysis?

  Using electricity to drive reactions
• Molten electrolytes are ionic compounds melted by heat.


  True
• What are the two types of electrolytes used in electrolysis?

  Molten and aqueous
• What are the two types of ions present in aqueous solutions?

  Cations and anions
• Match the common ion with its chemical formula:

  Sodium ion ↔️ Na⁺

  Potassium ion ↔️ K⁺

  Chloride ion ↔️ Cl^-

  Hydroxide ion ↔️ OH^-
• Metal ions react with water to form basic solutions.

  True
• Covalent compounds break apart into ions when dissolved in water.

  False
• What are the two key components of electrolysis?

  Electrodes and electrolyte
• Electrolysis can occur in two types of electrolytes: molten and aqueous

  True
• What ions are present in molten electrolytes?

  Only cations and anions
• Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to drive a chemical reaction
• Match the ion with its charge:

  Na⁺ ↔️ +1

  Cl^- ↔️ -1

  Mg²⁺ ↔️ +2

  SO₄^2- ↔️ -2
• What is the pH range of a basic solution?

  $pH > 7$
• What is preferentially discharged at the cathode in molten electrolytes?

  Most reactive metal ions
• At the anode in aqueous electrolytes, oxygen gas is produced when water is discharged instead of anions
• In molten electrolytes, the most reactive metal ions are discharged at the cathode.


  True
• Identifying spectator ions is essential for predicting the products of electrolysis.

  True
• What gas is produced at the anode during electrolysis of aqueous NaCl?

  Chlorine
• During the electrolysis of aqueous CuSO₄, copper ions are deposited at the cathode.

  True
• What is an aqueous solution?

  Water is the solvent
• Match the type of compound with its behavior in water:

  Ionic Compounds ↔️ Break apart into ions

  Covalent Compounds ↔️ Remain as neutral molecules
• What are the two main components of electrolysis?

  Electrodes and electrolyte
• Match the type of electrolyte with an example:

  Molten Electrolyte ↔️ Molten NaCl

  Aqueous Electrolyte ↔️ Aqueous CuSO₄
• An aqueous electrolyte is an ionic compound dissolved in water
• The conducting surfaces where chemical reactions occur in electrolysis are called electrodes
• Aqueous electrolytes contain cations, anions, and ions from water
• Match the type of electrolyte with its characteristic:

  Molten electrolyte ↔️ Only cations and anions

  Aqueous electrolyte ↔️ Ions and water molecules react
• Hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions come from the dissociation of water
• What is the chemical formula for magnesium ions?

  Mg²⁺
• What is the solvent in an aqueous solution?

  Water
• Match the type of compound with its behavior in water:

  Ionic compound ↔️ Breaks apart into ions

  Covalent compound ↔️ Remains as neutral molecules
• The conducting surfaces where chemical reactions occur in electrolysis are called electrodes
• What is an electrolyte in electrolysis?

  Conducts electricity when dissolved
• Match the type of electrolyte with its properties:

  Molten Electrolyte ↔️ Ionic compound melted by heat

  Aqueous Electrolyte ↔️ Ionic compound dissolved in water
• What reactions occur in aqueous electrolytes?

  Ions and water molecules react
• Name three common cations found in aqueous solutions.

  Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺