3.2.1 Group 2 elements

• The melting and boiling points of Group 2 elements increase as the atomic radius
• Match the Group 2 element with its electron configuration:

  Magnesium (Mg) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2

  Calcium (Ca) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2

  Barium (Ba) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 4p^6 5s^2 5p^6 6s^2
• Group 2 elements lose their two valence electrons to form ions with a 2+
• The density of Group 2 elements increases down the group due to increasing atomic mass.


  True
• The atomic radius of Group 2 elements increases as you move down the group.


  True
• The higher atomic masses of Group 2 elements lead to increased density down the group.


  True
• Group 2 elements react with water to form hydroxides and hydrogen gas
• Group 2 elements typically exhibit an oxidation state of +2
• What are the Group 2 elements also known as?

  Alkaline earth metals
• Group 2 elements are highly reactive, forming positive ions called M^2+
• Group 2 elements are more reactive than Group 1 alkali metals.

  False
• Match the Group 2 element with its electron configuration:

  Magnesium ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2

  Barium ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 4p^6 5s^2 5p^6 6s^2
• The atomic radius of Group 2 elements increases due to the addition of more electron shells
• What is the electron configuration of Beryllium (Be)?

  1s^2 2s^2
• All Group 2 elements have 2 valence electrons in their outermost shell.
• The melting and boiling points of Group 2 elements increase as you move down the group due to stronger metallic bonding.


  True
• What type of ions do Group 2 elements form when they lose their valence electrons?

  M^2+
• What is barium sulfate used for in medicine?

  X-ray contrast
• Why are magnesium alloys used in aircraft manufacturing?

  Lightweight and high strength
• Match the Group 2 element/compound with its use:

  Magnesium alloys ↔️ Aircraft manufacturing

  Calcium cement ↔️ Construction industry

  Barium sulfate ↔️ Medical X-ray contrast

  Strontium carbonate ↔️ Fireworks
• What are Group 2 elements also known as?

  Alkaline earth metals
• Group 2 elements are more reactive than Group 1 alkali metals.

  False
• How many valence electrons do Group 2 elements have?

  2
• Arrange the following physical properties of Group 2 elements in the order they increase down the group:

  1️⃣ Atomic Radius

  2️⃣ Melting/Boiling Points

  3️⃣ Density
• All Group 2 elements have 2 valence electrons in their outermost shell
• The melting and boiling points of Group 2 elements increase as you move down the group
• Arrange the reactions of Group 2 elements with water in order of increasing reactivity:

  1️⃣ Magnesium

  2️⃣ Calcium

  3️⃣ Strontium

  4️⃣ Barium
• Group 2 elements are also known as alkaline earth metals.

  True
• Match the type of Group 2 compound with its general formula:

  Oxide ↔️ MO

  Hydroxide ↔️ M(OH)2

  Chloride ↔️ MCl2

  Sulfate ↔️ MSO4
• Group 2 elements have high electronegativity because they readily lose their valence electrons.

  False
• Why do the melting and boiling points of Group 2 elements increase down the group?

  Increased atomic radius
• The electron configuration of Group 2 elements ends with the s orbital.
• Group 2 elements lose 2 valence electrons to form M^2+ ions.

  True
• The electron configuration of Group 2 elements follows a general pattern
• Match the Group 2 element with its electron configuration:

  Magnesium (Mg) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2

  Calcium (Ca) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2

  Strontium (Sr) ↔️ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 4p^6 5s^2
• What happens to the atomic radius of Group 2 elements as you move down the group?

  Increases
• Why does the density of Group 2 elements increase as you move down the group?

  Greater atomic mass
• Group 2 elements achieve stability by losing their two valence electrons, resulting in a +2 oxidation state.


  True
• Strontium carbonate is used in fireworks to produce a red color.
• What is calcium cement primarily used for?

  Binding materials in concrete