7.5 Theories of Development

• Match the key concept of each development theory with its focus:

  Modernization Theory ↔️ Societal evolution

  Dependency Theory ↔️ Dependence on core nations

  World-Systems Theory ↔️ Global economic system
• Order the stages of development according to Modernization Theory:

  1️⃣ Traditional Society

  2️⃣ Preconditions for Take-Off

  3️⃣ Take-Off

  4️⃣ Drive to Maturity

  5️⃣ High Mass Consumption
• World-Systems Theory includes the semi-periphery as a buffer zone between the core and the periphery.


  True
• What does Modernization Theory propose about the evolution of societies?

  Traditional to modern stages
• Order the stages of Modernization Theory from earliest to latest.

  1️⃣ Traditional Society

  2️⃣ Preconditions for Take-Off

  3️⃣ Take-Off

  4️⃣ Drive to Maturity

  5️⃣ High Mass Consumption
• The final stage in Modernization Theory is High Mass Consumption.
• What is the core concept of Dependency Theory?

  Exploitation by core nations
• In Dependency Theory, semi-periphery nations act as a buffer between core and periphery nations.
• Dependency Theory suggests that internal reforms alone are sufficient for developing countries to achieve economic growth.

  False
• In World-Systems Theory, the semi-periphery provides manufactured goods to the periphery.
• Neoclassical development economics assumes that markets function efficiently and growth is driven by investment.


  True
• Match the development theory with its key concept.

  Modernization Theory ↔️ Societal evolution from traditional to modern

  Dependency Theory ↔️ Developing countries are dependent on developed nations

  World-Systems Theory ↔️ Global economy divided into regions
• What is one success and one failure of Modernization Theory in practice?

  Growth in East Asia ||| Disregards historical context
• World-Systems Theory is criticized for being too abstract and lacking prescriptive guidance.

  True
• Modernization theory suggests that traditional societies can achieve prosperity by adopting the practices of developed nations.


  True
• Dependency Theory asserts that developing countries are dependent on developed nations, hindering their economic growth
• Core nations exploit periphery nations for resources and cheap labor
• The first stage in Modernization Theory is the Traditional Society.
• Rapid industrialization and urbanization characterize the Take-Off stage of Modernization Theory.


  True
• Match the stage of Modernization Theory with its key characteristic.

  Traditional Society ↔️ Agrarian, limited technology

  Take-Off ↔️ Rapid industrialization, urbanization

  High Mass Consumption ↔️ High consumer spending, economic prosperity
• Periphery nations in Dependency Theory are dependent on core nations for investment and finished goods.


  True
• What does Dependency Theory emphasize as the primary barrier to development?

  External structural barriers
• Match the tier in World-Systems Theory with its characteristic.

  Core ↔️ High technology, capital-intensive

  Periphery ↔️ Resource exporters, low technology

  Semi-Periphery ↔️ Some industrialization, trade with both
• How does World-Systems Theory differ from Dependency Theory?

  Includes the semi-periphery
• Neoclassical development economics differs from Dependency Theory by focusing on internal rather than external factors.
• Order the key focuses of Modernization Theory, Dependency Theory, and World-Systems Theory from most internal to most external.

  1️⃣ Modernization Theory

  2️⃣ Dependency Theory

  3️⃣ World-Systems Theory
• One failure of Dependency Theory is that it overemphasizes external rather than internal factors.