C3.3.3 Electrolysis

• What is electrolysis?

  Chemical reaction driven by electricity
• Describe the movement of ions during electrolysis.

  1️⃣ Positive ions move to the cathode

  2️⃣ Negative ions move to the anode
• Oxidation occurs at the anode
• What is used as the driving force in photosynthesis?

  Light
• What are the three main components required for electrolysis?

  Electrodes, electrolyte, power source
• An electrolyte conducts electricity due to the movement of ions
• The cathode is negatively charged
• What is the driving force in electrolysis?

  Electric current
• In electrolysis, the driving force is an applied electric potential
• Match the reaction type with its driving force:

  Electrolysis ↔️ Applied electric potential

  Combustion ↔️ Heat

  Photosynthesis ↔️ Light

  Acid-Base ↔️ pH change
• Photosynthesis uses light energy to reduce carbon dioxide.


  True
• The anode in electrolysis has a positive charge and is where oxidation occurs.
• An electrolyte must contain free ions to conduct electricity.


  True
• The anode in electrolysis accepts electrons, allowing oxidation to occur.
• Covalent compounds undergo electrolysis because their bonds are easily broken by electric current.

  False
• Why are electrolytes essential in electrolysis?

  They provide free-moving ions
• Free-moving ions in electrolytes are necessary for the electron transfer and redox reactions in electrolysis.


  True
• Ionic compounds are poor conductors of electricity.

  False
• What is the primary role of electrolytes in electrolysis?

  Provide free-moving ions
• What is the driving force behind electrolysis?

  Applied electric potential
• Combustion is a rapid oxidation reaction driven by heat.
• Match the electrode type with its charge and process during electrolysis.

  Anode ↔️ Positive charge, oxidation

  Cathode ↔️ Negative charge, reduction
• What is the charge of the anode in electrolysis?

  Positive
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity because they have free-moving ions.
• Electrolytes are substances that conduct electricity due to the presence of free-moving ions
• Ionic compounds form excellent electrolytes when molten or dissolved


  True
• Match the property with the correct type of compound:

  Electrical Conductivity ↔️ Electrolyte

  Electrostatic Forces ↔️ Ionic Compounds

  Shared Electron Pairs ↔️ Covalent Compounds
• Steps in the movement of ions during electrolysis

  1️⃣ Cations migrate towards the cathode

  2️⃣ Cations undergo reduction at the cathode

  3️⃣ Anions move towards the anode

  4️⃣ Anions undergo oxidation at the anode

  5️⃣ Ion movement is driven by electric potential
• Anions move towards the anode during electrolysis

  True
• Match the electrolyte with its cathode reaction:

  Copper Sulfate ↔️ Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu

  Sodium Chloride ↔️ 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂
• Match the electrolyte with its anode reaction:

  Copper Sulfate ↔️ 4OH⁻ → O₂ + 2H₂O + 4e⁻

  Sodium Chloride ↔️ 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻
• Match the reaction type with its driving force:

  Electrolysis ↔️ Applied electric potential

  Combustion ↔️ Heat

  Photosynthesis ↔️ Light

  Acid-Base ↔️ pH change
• The anode is where oxidation occurs in electrolysis


  True
• The cathode donates electrons to the electrolyte

  True
• What are electrodes used for in electrolysis?

  Electron transfer
• Oxidation occurs at the cathode in electrolysis

  False
• What type of bonding holds ionic compounds together?

  Electrostatic forces
• Covalent compounds undergo electrolysis because their bonds are easily broken by electric current

  False
• Ionic compounds form good electrolytes when they are molten or dissolved
• Which electrode do cations migrate towards during electrolysis?

  Cathode