6.5.2 Chromatography

• The stationary phase in chromatography is a solid or liquid that stays fixed
• Retention time in chromatography is the time it takes for a component to pass through the system.


  True
• What carrier gas is used in gas chromatography?

  A gas
• What properties of volatile organic compounds are exploited in gas chromatography for separation?

  Boiling point and adsorption
• The time it takes for a component to pass through the chromatography system is called retention time.
• In paper chromatography, pigments with higher solubility move farther up the paper.

  True
• The retention time in chromatography is used to help identify the components of a mixture.
• What is the retention time in chromatography used for?

  Identify components
• Thin-Layer Chromatography uses a solid stationary phase.


  True
• In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the mobile phase is a liquid solvent and the stationary phase is a solid packed in a column
• What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?

  Interaction surface
• The time it takes for a component to pass through the chromatography system is called the retention
• Steps involved in chromatography

  1️⃣ Prepare the sample

  2️⃣ Introduce sample into system

  3️⃣ Components move through phases

  4️⃣ Components separate

  5️⃣ Identify components using retention time
• Components in a mixture separate based on their differing affinities
• What is the example application of Gas Chromatography?

  Analyzing volatile organic compounds
• What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?

  Provides an interaction surface
• What are the three key components of a chromatography system?

  Stationary phase, mobile phase, retention time
• The retention time helps in the identification of components in a mixture.
• The stationary phase in chromatography is the solid or liquid that remains fixed
• The mobile phase in chromatography can be either a liquid or a gas.


  True
• Steps to separate plant pigments using paper chromatography

  1️⃣ Grind the leaves with a solvent

  2️⃣ Apply a drop to chromatography paper

  3️⃣ Place the bottom edge into a container of solvent

  4️⃣ Wait for the solvent to move up the paper

  5️⃣ Observe colored bands at various heights
• What is the separation mechanism in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)?

  Polarity and size
• In Gas Chromatography (GC), the separation is based on boiling point and adsorption
• In paper chromatography, what is the stationary phase?

  Paper
• What is chromatography used for?

  Separating and identifying components
• What type of phase is the mobile phase in chromatography?

  Liquid or gas
• In paper chromatography, the stationary phase is paper
• Match the chromatography type with its stationary phase:

  Paper Chromatography ↔️ Paper

  Thin-Layer Chromatography ↔️ Silica or alumina

  Gas Chromatography ↔️ Coated solid or liquid

  High-Performance Liquid Chromatography ↔️ Solid packed in a column
• In paper chromatography, different pigments in plant leaves separate based on their solubility and affinity to the paper.


  True
• What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?

  Provides an interaction surface
• What is the function of the mobile phase in a chromatography system?

  Carries components through stationary phase
• What is used as the mobile phase in gas chromatography?

  Carrier gas
• In paper chromatography, the stationary phase is paper
• What type of mobile phase is used in gas chromatography?

  Gas
• Match the chromatography type with its stationary phase:

  Paper Chromatography ↔️ Paper

  Thin-Layer Chromatography ↔️ Silica or alumina

  Gas Chromatography ↔️ Solid coated on solid

  High-Performance Liquid Chromatography ↔️ Solid packed in a column
• The mobile phase in chromatography can be either liquid or gas.


  True
• What is the purpose of chromatography as an analytical technique?

  Separate and identify components
• What type of stationary phase is used in Thin-Layer Chromatography?

  Silica or alumina
• Match the chromatography type with its separation mechanism:

  Paper Chromatography ↔️ Solubility and adsorption to paper

  Thin-Layer Chromatography ↔️ Adsorption to thin layer

  Gas Chromatography ↔️ Boiling point and adsorption

  High-Performance Liquid Chromatography ↔️ Polarity and size differences
• Chromatography separates components based on their differing affinities for two phases.


  True