S1 - Assumptions

• Computer analogy

  • human mind similar to computer
  • input, store and retrieve information
  • alike keyboard (input), hardrive (store)
  • cognitive process of perception, attention and memory

  Example: Multi-store model (Atkinson & Shriffin)

  • Information to brain (input) via sensory information
  • If attention paid, short-term memory for 20-30 seconds (storage)
  • Transference rehearsal process to long term memory
• Internal mental processes

  • Humans are information processors
  • make sense of world in split second
  • Cognitive processes (attention, perception, language and memory)

  EXAMPLE: introspection (Wundt)

  • Study thinking scientifically
  • Participants given stimulus and had to verbalise thoughts and feelings
  • Griffiths: introspection of gambling, use of fruit machine and had to “think aloud” (regular gamblers were more irrational)
• Schemas


  • Packets of information
  • Based on social experiences and exchanges
  • Long term memory
  • May not always represent reality

  EXAMPLE

  • Matching hypothesis (Self-schemes, our perception of attractiveness influence who we form relationships with) - match to our view of attractiveness
  • Halo effect (Dion) - those who are physically attractive have good qualities