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GCSE Biology Paper 2
Classification
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Sihaam
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Cards (26)
What should you be able to do by the end of this video according to the introduction?
Describe
classification
, the
three-domain system
, and use
evolutionary trees
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Why did scientists start classifying organisms as more species were discovered?
They had
characteristics
in common
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Which scientist began to classify species into different categories in the 1700s?
Carl Linnaeus
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What is the classification system developed by Linnaeus based on?
Structure
and characteristics
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According to Linnaeus, how were all living organisms initially divided?
Into two
kingdoms
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What are the two kingdoms Linnaeus divided all living organisms into?
Animal
and
plant
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What are the categories in Linnaeus's classification system?
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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What mnemonic can be used to remember the order of Linnaeus's classification system?
King Phillip
came over for good soup
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In the Linnaean system, what classification level is missing from this list: Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus, Species?
Class
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How is every organism named?
From their
genus
and
species
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What name is given to the naming system using the genus and species?
Binomial system
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What does the word "binomial" mean?
Two
names
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What is the binomial name for the polar bear given the classification of genus Ursus and species maritimus?
Ursus
maritimus
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What is the key fact about the Linnaean classification system?
It's based on visible
characteristics
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How have major advances in biology affected the classification system?
We can now analyze
biochemistry
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What system do scientists use now which involves analyzing biochemistry?
The three
domain
system
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Which scientist developed the three-domain system by comparing the biochemistry of organisms?
Carl Woese
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What are the three domains in the three-domain system?
Archaea
,
bacteria
, and eukaryota
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What characterizes the Archaea domain?
Primitive
bacteria found in extreme
conditions
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What characterizes the Bacteria domain?
True
bacteria
in many
environments
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What does the Eukaryota domain include?
Animals, plants, fungi, and
protists
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How do scientists use evolutionary trees?
To show relatedness of
organisms
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What data do scientists use to make evolutionary trees for living organisms?
Classification
data and
DNA
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What data do scientists use to make evolutionary trees for extinct organisms?
Fossils
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Why can using fossils be a problem when constructing evolutionary trees?
Fossil records can be
incomplete
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According to the video, if species one and two are closely related and species three is more distantly related, what do all three share?
A
common ancestor
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