Alleles

Cards (39)

  • Where is DNA found?
    In chromosomes
  • What else should you be able to describe by the end of this video?
    Homozygous, heterozygous, genotype, and phenotype
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do normal human cells contain?
    23
  • How many copies of every chromosome do normal human cells contain?
    Two
  • Where does one chromosome in the pair come from?
    Father
  • What are genes?
    Sections of DNA on a chromosome
  • Where does the other chromosome come from?
    Mother
  • How many copies of every gene do we have?
    Two
  • What controls earwax?
    A single gene
  • What controls most characteristics?
    Many genes acting together
  • What do scientists call different versions of genes?
    Alleles
  • How many alleles does the gene for earwax have?
    Two
  • What does one allele lead to?
    Wet earwax
  • What symbol is given to the allele that leads to wet earwax?
    Capital E
  • What does the other allele lead to?
    Dry earwax
  • What symbol is given to the allele that leads to dry earwax?
    Lowercase e
  • What does the genotype of a person tell us?
    The alleles present
  • What do scientists say if a person has two copies of the same allele?
    They are homozygous
  • What does the phenotype of a person tell us?
    The characteristics caused by the alleles
  • What is the genotype if a person has two alleles for wet earwax?
    Capital E capital E
  • If a person has two alleles for wet earwax, what is their phenotype?
    Wet earwax
  • What is the genotype of a person who has one allele for wet earwax and one for dry earwax?
    Capital E lowercase e
  • What do scientists call two different alleles?
    Heterozygous
  • In the case of earwax, which allele is dominant to the other?
    Wet earwax
  • What will a dominant allele do, even if there is only one copy present?
    Show in the phenotype
  • What is the phenotype of a person with the genotype Capital E lowercase e?
    Wet earwax
  • When will a recessive allele show in the phenotype?
    If two copies are present
  • What is a recessive allele?
    An allele that only shows when homozygous
  • What is the phenotype of a person with two copies of the allele for dry earwax?
    Dry earwax
  • What kind of characteristic is height?
    Result of many genes acting together
  • Where is DNA located within a cell?
    In chromosomes
  • How do chromosomes exist within normal human cells?
    In pairs
  • What are genes a section of?
    DNA
  • What does 'homozygous' mean?
    Having two identical alleles
  • What does 'heterozygous' mean?
    Having two different alleles
  • When does a dominant allele express its trait?
    Even when paired with recessive allele
  • When does a recessive allele express its trait?
    Only when paired with another recessive
  • What type of trait is earwax type?
    Single-gene trait
  • What does the next video discuss?
    Genetic crosses