The Lungs

• What do the lungs need to supply the blood?

  Oxygen
• What do the lungs need to remove from the blood?

  Carbon dioxide
• Where does gas exchange occur in the body?

  In the lungs during breathing
• What part of the body contains the lungs?

  The thorax
• How are the thorax and lower body separated?

  By the diaphragm
• How are the lungs protected?

  By the ribs
• What surrounds the lungs?

  Pleural membranes
• What happens to air when you breathe in?

  It goes through the trachea
• What are the two tubes that air splits into called?

  Bronchi
• What do bronchi lead to?

  Each lung
• What are smaller tubes called that branch from bronchi?

  Bronchioles
• What do bronchioles end in?

  Alveoli
• What is the function of alveoli?

  Gas exchange
• What do alveoli contain?

  Millions of tiny air sacs
• What surrounds alveoli?

  Network of blood capillaries
• What happens to oxygen in the alveoli?

  It diffuses into the blood
• What happens to carbon dioxide in the blood?

  It diffuses into the alveoli
• What happens to blood after it passes through the lungs?

  It returns to the heart
• What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood returning from the body?

  High concentration
• What is the concentration of oxygen in blood returning from the body?

  Low concentration
• What happens to carbon dioxide in the alveoli?

  It diffuses out of the blood
• What is the process of gas exchange in the lungs called?

  Respiration
• What is the role of blood capillaries in gas exchange?

  They transport gases to and from alveoli
• What is the significance of the high concentration of oxygen in the alveoli?

  It facilitates diffusion into the blood
• What is the significance of the low concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveoli?

  It allows carbon dioxide to diffuse out
• What is the significance of the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood?

  It drives diffusion into the alveoli
• What is the significance of the low concentration of oxygen in the blood?

  It drives diffusion into the body cells
• What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

  It helps expand and contract the thorax
• What happens to the thorax during inhalation?

  It expands to draw air in
• What happens to the thorax during exhalation?

  It contracts to push air out
• What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  To facilitate gas exchange
• What is the relationship between breathing and gas exchange?

  Breathing brings air for gas exchange
• How does the body regulate breathing rate?

  Based on carbon dioxide levels
• What happens to the diaphragm when you inhale?

  It contracts and moves down
• What happens to the diaphragm when you exhale?

  It relaxes and moves up
• What is the role of the intercostal muscles in breathing?

  They assist in expanding and contracting the thorax
• How does the body respond to increased physical activity?

  By increasing breathing rate
• What is the effect of smoking on the lungs?

  It damages lung tissue and reduces function
• What is the importance of maintaining healthy lungs?

  To ensure efficient gas exchange
• What can lead to lung diseases?

  Smoking, pollution, and infections