health and disease

• What is health defined as?

  State of physical and mental well-being
• How do factors influence health?

  They work together to influence health
• What is a disease?

  A disorder affecting an organism's body
• How can diseases be categorized?

  Into communicable and non-communicable types
• What are communicable diseases?

  Diseases transferred by pathogens
• How are non-communicable diseases linked to lifestyle?

  They can be influenced by lifestyle factors
• What is the interaction between communicable and non-communicable diseases?

  • Different causes but can be linked
  • Example: HPV can lead to cervical cancer
  • HPV is communicable, passed through sexual intercourse
  • Cervical cancer is a non-communicable disease
• What is HPV?

  A communicable disease caused by a virus
• How is HPV transmitted?

  Through sexual intercourse
• What are the typical outcomes of HPV infection?

  Often symptomless, usually recover without issues
• How has vaccination affected cervical cancer cases in the UK?

  It has significantly reduced the number of cases
• What does HIV cause?

  AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
• How does HIV affect the immune system?

  It destroys white blood cells
• What is a common pathogen that affects people with HIV/AIDS?


  Tuberculosis-causing bacteria
• Why do many people with HIV/AIDS die from tuberculosis?

  HIV weakens the immune system, allowing TB
• What are the key differences between communicable and non-communicable diseases?

  • Communicable: Transferred between organisms
  • Non-communicable: Not transferred, linked to lifestyle
  • Examples: HPV (communicable), cancer (non-communicable)