Topic 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

• What are alkali metals?

  Elements in Group 1 of the periodic table
• What is an atom?

  The smallest part of an element that can exist
• What is the atomic nucleus composed of?

  Protons and neutrons at the center of an atom
• What does the atomic number represent?

  The number of protons in the nucleus
• What is chromatography used for?

  To separate a mixture of chemicals
• What is a compound?

  A substance made of two or more types of atoms
• What is crystallisation used for?

  To produce solid crystals from a solution
• What is displacement in chemistry?

  A reaction where a more reactive element displaces a less reactive one
• What is an electron?

  A negatively charged subatomic particle
• What are electron shells?

  Different energy levels occupied by electrons
• What is an element?

  A substance made of only one type of atom
• What is filtration used for?

  To separate solids from liquids
• What is fractional distillation?

  A method to separate substances by boiling points
• What do groups in the periodic table represent?

  Columns of elements with similar properties
• What are halogens?

  Elements in Group 7 of the periodic table
• What is an ion?

  An atom or molecule with an electric charge
• What is an isotope?

  Atoms with the same protons but different neutrons
• What is mass number?

  Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
• What are metals?

  Elements that form positive ions
• What is a mixture?

  Two or more elements or compounds not combined
• What is a neutron?

  A neutral subatomic particle in the nucleus
• What are noble gases?

  Elements in Group 0 of the periodic table
• What are non-metals?

  Elements that form negative ions
• What is the nuclear model?

  Mass concentrated at the center of the atom
• What is the periodic table?

  Table of elements arranged by atomic number
• What is the plum pudding model?

  Atom as a ball of positive charge with electrons
• What is a proton?

  Positively charged particle in the nucleus
• What is relative atomic mass?

  An average value considering isotopes' abundance
• What is simple distillation?

  A procedure to separate two liquids by boiling points
• What are transition metals?

  Metallic elements in the middle of the periodic table
• What are atoms the smallest part of?

  An element
• What does the chemical symbol Na represent?

  An atom of sodium
• How are compounds formed?

  By chemical reactions between elements
• What do chemical reactions involve?

  Formation of new substances and energy change
• How many elements are in a compound?

  Two or more
• How can compounds be represented?

  By formulae using chemical symbols
• What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

  HCl
• How can compounds be separated into elements?

  By chemical reactions
• What is a mixture?

  Two or more substances not chemically combined
• What happens to the chemical properties of substances in a mixture?

  They remain unchanged