Group 7

• What is another name for Group Seven elements?

  Halogens
• How many electrons do Group Seven elements have in their outer energy level?

  Seven electrons
• Why do atoms react in terms of their outer energy levels?

  To achieve a full outer energy level
• What type of bond is formed when two atoms of a Group Seven element react with each other?

  Covalent bond
• What is the formula for a fluorine molecule?

  F₂
• What is the formula for a chlorine molecule?

  Cl₂
• How can we represent a covalent bond between two atoms?

  As a stick between the two atoms
• What are the physical states of the halogens at room temperature?

  • Fluorine: Gas
  • Chlorine: Gas
  • Bromine: Liquid
  • Iodine: Solid
• How do the melting and boiling points of Group Seven elements change down the group?

  They increase as we move down the group
• What is the melting point of bromine in relation to room temperature?

  Lower than 20°C
• What is the boiling point of bromine in relation to room temperature?

  Higher than 20°C
• What is the physical state of iodine at room temperature?

  Solid
• What does relative molecular mass indicate about a molecule?

  It gives an idea of the size of a molecule
• How does the relative molecular mass change as we move down Group Seven?

  It increases
• What is the approximate room temperature in Celsius?

  20°C
• What are the key characteristics of Group Seven elements?

  • Consist of molecules with two atoms
  • Non-metals
  • Seven electrons in their outer energy level
  • Form covalent bonds
• What are the melting and boiling points of the halogens?

  • Fluorine: Gas (melting and boiling points below 20°C)
  • Chlorine: Gas (melting and boiling points below 20°C)
  • Bromine: Liquid (melting point below 20°C, boiling point above 20°C)
  • Iodine: Solid (both melting and boiling points above 20°C)
• What are group seven elements also called?

  Halogens
• Where are group seven elements located on the periodic table?

  On the right side
• How many electrons do group seven elements have in their outer energy level?

  Seven electrons
• What is the name of the molecule formed by fluorine atoms?

  F2
• What type of bond is formed between two atoms in group seven elements?

  Covalent bond
• What do group seven elements form when they react with other non-metal elements?

  Covalent compounds
• What compound is formed when chlorine reacts with hydrogen?

  Hydrogen chloride
• How can hydrogen chloride be represented?

  Using a stick to show the covalent bond
• What type of compound is formed between bromine and carbon?

  Covalent compound
• What type of compound do halogens form when they react with metals?

  Ionic compounds
• What happens to a chlorine atom when it reacts with lithium?

  The chlorine atom gains one electron
• How many protons does a chlorine atom have?

  17 protons
• What is the overall charge of a chlorine atom before it gains an electron?

  No overall charge
• What is formed when a chlorine atom gains an electron?

  A chloride ion
• What is the charge of a chloride ion?

  • 1 charge
• What happens to the name of a halogen when it forms an ion?

  The name ends with "ide"
• What does fluorine become when it forms an ion?

  Fluoride
• What does chlorine become when it forms an ion?

  Chloride
• What are the key facts about how group seven elements react with non-metals and metals?

  • Group seven elements form covalent compounds with non-metals.
  • They form ionic compounds when reacting with metals.
  • Halogens have seven electrons in their outer energy level.
  • They form molecules with two atoms joined by a covalent bond.
• What are the characteristics of halogens in terms of their ionic and covalent bonding?

  • Halogens form covalent bonds with non-metals.
  • Halogens form ionic bonds with metals.
  • When forming ions, halogens gain one electron.
  • The resulting ions have a -1 charge.
• What should you be able to describe and explain by the end of the video?

  The reactivity of the halogens changes down group seven
• How does a more reactive halogen affect a less reactive halogen in an aqueous solution?

  A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from its salt solution
• What are the elements in group seven called?

  Halogens