Distillation

• Distillation

  The process of separating two soluble substances through the evaporation and condensation.
• What is the primary basis for separation in distillation?

  Differences in boiling points of components
• How does distillation work based on boiling points?

  Different substances have different boiling points, causing the component with the lowest boiling point to vaporize first.
• Why is temperature monitoring important during distillation?

  It indicates which component is vaporizing and helps separate different fractions.
• How is distillation used in the chemical industry?

  It is used for the purification of chemicals and separation of crude oil into fractions.
• What is distillate?

  A purified liquid produced after distillation
• What is the difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?

  Fractional distillation is used when the components have close boiling points, and simple distillation is used when the boiling points are significantly different.
• The solution is heated up and the substance with the lowest boiling point will evaporate first and travel into the condenser. Here it will be condensed and turn back into s liquid where it will travel into the conical flask. This process is pure as it is using heat to separate two soluble substances.


  Describe the process of distillation.
• What is produced after distillation?

  Distillate
• What is distillation?

  Distillation is a separation technique used to separate a solvent from a mixture.
• How can water be separated from a salt solution?

  Water can be separated from a salt solution by distillation.
• What happens to the salt during the distillation of a salt solution?

  The salt stays behind in the flask during distillation.
• What is the role of the water-cooled condenser in distillation?

  The water-cooled condenser cools the steam, turning it back into a liquid.
• What is the distillate produced from distilling sea water?

  The distillate is pure water.
• Why is distillation used in the chemical industry?

  Distillation is used to separate mixtures of liquids with different boiling points.
• What is fractional distillation?

  Fractional distillation is a technique used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.
• What is the risk of using simple distillation for liquids with close boiling points?

  Simple distillation risks both liquids evaporating, resulting in a mixture.
• What is the main difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?

  Fractional distillation can separate liquids with closer boiling points than simple distillation.
• What is the main purpose of the condenser in distillation?

  The condenser cools down the hot gas after the mixture has been heated.
• What is the significance of the boiling point in distillation?

  The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.
• What is simple distillation used for?

  To separate a liquid from a solution
• How can water be separated from salty water using simple distillation?

  By evaporating the water and then condensing it
• What happens to the salt during simple distillation?

  The salt does not evaporate and stays behind
• What are the steps involved in simple distillation?

  1. Salty water is heated.
  2. Water vapor cools in the condenser.
  3. Water condenses and drips into a beaker, leaving salt behind.